The Rise and Fall of Wave-Particle Duality by Alan M. Kadin

Dear Dr. Kadin,

You and I have been arguing Quantum Mechanics for many years. I originally thought all "particles" behaved as waves. Over the years, and especially after reading your essay, I finally have a visceral, mathematical, and deeper understanding this subject. The concept of fundamental quantum fields and quantum entities such as quarks and electrons, with quantized spin and charge, is compelling. The distinction of composite particles from their fundamental constituent fundamental entities is key to understanding things like neutron diffraction.

The heuristic device of looking back from a future time was amusing, but an interesting choice, considering the NQP is not widely accepted today. What you have, though, is a good foundation for a step-by-step re-examination of QM.

Perhaps the strongest aspect of your essay is the exposition of quantum mechanics by going step by step, examining caviats and "simplifications" that were handed to us by our professors. The best example of this is the inclusion of the i(mc^2)t/hbar exponent in the wave function and how an engineer could easily see the suppression of the relativistic "carrier wave" is suppressed by a downconversion process to arrive at the usual Schrödinger equation.

For all these reasons, your essay should rank with the highest-rated essays submitted. However, there is one attribute that is paramount -- your exposition is clear and accessible to anyone willing to read it carefully. There is nothing particularly arcane in it to the scientifically minded. Nevertheless, my understanding after reading it is truly profound. Re-examination of neutron scattering experiments and Bose-Einstein work with fermions are two phenomena that need to be compared to your NQP.

Dear Steven B. Kaplan,

I do not suggest that fundamental quantum entities are quantum waves either, but that they exist as particles and *induce* waves according to the equations described in my essay. In my model the composite particles would also induce such associated waves, although, having less mass density than elementary particles, the waves would be correspondingly 'weaker'. Both particles would, within context, lead to 'classical' trajectories.

As noted we do agree that that particles form from a self-interacting field and do not shrink to a point particle but are essentially spin-stabilized.

Best,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

If you do not understand why your rating dropped down. As I found ratings in the contest are calculated in the next way. Suppose your rating is [math]R_1 [/math] and [math]N_1 [/math] was the quantity of people which gave you ratings. Then you have [math]S_1=R_1 N_1 [/math] of points. After it anyone give you [math]dS [/math] of points so you have [math]S_2=S_1+ dS [/math] of points and [math]N_2=N_1+1 [/math] is the common quantity of the people which gave you ratings. At the same time you will have [math]S_2=R_2 N_2 [/math] of points. From here, if you want to be R2 > R1 there must be: [math]S_2/ N_2>S_1/ N_1 [/math] or [math] (S_1+ dS) / (N_1+1) >S_1/ N_1 [/math] or [math] dS >S_1/ N_1 =R_1[/math] In other words if you want to increase rating of anyone you must give him more points [math]dS [/math] then the participant`s rating [math]R_1 [/math] was at the moment you rated him. From here it is seen that in the contest are special rules for ratings. And from here there are misunderstanding of some participants what is happened with their ratings. Moreover since community ratings are hided some participants do not sure how increase ratings of others and gives them maximum 10 points. But in the case the scale from 1 to 10 of points do not work, and some essays are overestimated and some essays are drop down. In my opinion it is a bad problem with this Contest rating process. I hope the FQXI community will change the rating process.

Sergey Fedosin

Hi Alan and everyone,

I pretty much concur with your idea of the rotating field. I have referred to it as a rotating wave of the electron (or positron or more generally the fermion). The electromagnetic wave is rotated about its axis of spin in the case of a 'stationary' rotating wave. One way for the electron rotating wave to move in forward motion is along its axis of spin. This is illustrated in my attachment which is an update to website I uploaded some time ago. Basically, I resolved a simple and corrected Riemannian curvature derivation from the rotating wave form which the attached includes.

The big thing I realized is that when put in forward (translational) motion, the rotating wave has to incline at an angle to obey laws of electromagnetic theory. That inclined wave is allowed to go forward in motion and trace out a helical path, rather than just a circular path of 'stationary' electron. The inclined angle of the rotating wave thus causes length contraction and the helical path is stretched out and it takes a longer time to complete a cycle, thus causing the slowing or dilation of time. To me that is the Cylindrical Condition and covers the Special Theory of Relativity.

As to the General Theory of Relativity, I think it is the rotating waves of matter that impart some of the binding energy of rotation to incidental waves of matter and light, thus causing the apparent bending of space. This impart of energy results in a general expansion and slowing down of time which I refer to as the Spiral Condition. A rotating wave must have a spiral form as well as helical, in order to manifest intrinsic curvature. The rotating wave thus predicts the expansion of the universe and slowing down of time right from the get go.

I was told by a mentor that we have to get outside the box and get uncomfortable. If I am comfortable, then I am just regurgitating. Well documented facts are of course worth keeping, but seen in a different light might enable us to progress further. Coincidentally, I was reading the Evolution of Physics by Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld and particularly the Michelson Morley 1887 experiment. I simply stepped outside the experiment and wondered if the null result of fringe shift was due to the fact that everyone, the room, the apparatus, and of course earth were all being transmitted through space just like light was, because after all, matter is energy. That inspired me to come up with a model of matter and the rotating wave fit and began to explain relativity, mass, charge, and gravity. It indeed met with opposition and the only way I could publish it was on the internet.

That to me also explained wave mechanics and relativity together. Even if it is just mimickry, perhaps consideration of rotating waves (or fields) might enable us to see further. It might also enable us to conceptualize and create models of an Rotating EM Wave and thus fabricate an electromagnetic propeller that would push on 'space-time' and as a massless rocket not eject pollution into our future of space. Truly, the consideration of this new paradigm of rotating fields or waves is important to the foundation of physics.

My father once said: "Sometimes it hurts to learn."

Bill ChristieAttachment #1: Rotating_Wave_-_Wavicle.pdf