Thanks, Michael, for the question. There are two types of charges, electrostatic and electromagnetic. In the APM, all charge is distributed. Furthermore, the distribution is over a curved surface. By analyzing equations and constants, we can easily determine the electrostatic charge occurs with a spherical geometry and electromagnetic charge occurs with a toroidal geometry.
The quote from my paper refers specifically to the relationships of the electrostatic charge to the electromagnetic charge as is evident from the Unified Charge Equation.
[math]\[{e^2} = 8\pi \alpha \cdot {e_{emax}}^2\][/math]
The equation is balanced not only mathematically, but also geometrically. As part of the geometry, the total spin on the right equals the spin on the left.
Electrostatic charge (on the left) has 1 spin and spherical angle 1. Electromagnetic charge (e.emax^2) has 1/2 spin and steradian (1/4pi) angle.
The 8pi alpha term shows that the electromagnetic charge needs to be multiplied by 2 (to balance 1 spin electrostatic charge) and also multiplied by 4pi (to balance steradian angle geometry). The alpha term is the fine structure of the electron and refers to the proportional difference between one spin, spherical angle electrostatic charge, and the 8pi-adjusted half spin, steradian angle electromagnetic charge.
The electrostatic charge mediates the electrostatic force, the electromagnetic charge mediates the strong force, and the 8pi alpha difference is the cause of the weak interaction.
Also, the electrostatic charge is part of the Aether (space) and is the space-curvature tensor of the Einstein General Relativity equation. The electromagnetic charge multiplied by the fine structure applies directly to subatomic particles (matter) and is the GR mass/energy tensor.
The Aether Physics Model not only unifies the forces, but it also provides a physical interpretation of the Einstein General Relativity theory.
In the Aether Physics Model, the electromagnetic charge of the subatomic particle is always orthogonal to its mass, thus there is a direct proportion between the strong force and the gravitational force. This mass-to-charge ratio is a new constant for physics that applies to all matter throughout the Universe.
BTW, my PDF converter rendered the 4pi in the quoted text as 4 [square root sign]. The square root sign should actually be the symbol for pi.