Hi Vladimir,
I would like to comment on your concept of cosmos as an array of Bloch spheres, but there is a specific comment I need to get off my chest first. You wrote:
1. "Ancient cultures knew very little about the physical laws regulating the workings of Nature. They were in awe of Reality, but did not easily seek or presume to know it. They relegated that quest to the imagination, to myth and to religion."
With the discovery of a calendar 10,000 years old, this may be underestimating those ancient cultures. Archaeoastronomical sites exist all over the world, and evidence for watching the sky and interpreting it is as old as any records we have of myth or religious beliefs. OK, I feel better now!
Back to your main point...
2. "It is speculated that at its most basic physical level the fundamental Reality of the Universe may be like that, made up of a lattice of nodes acting as hardware and software simultaneously. Such nodes with their spherical rotational degrees of freedom, may be cases of IT = QUBIT."
I agree with you that Nature relies on discrete processing units. To my mind there are three types of such digital models, with the simplest being the cellular automata type you describe (based on bits, qubits, quaternions, finite state machines, etc). Over the years Edward Fredkin has addressed many issues with this type of system in his digital philosophy but the strict association of nodes and space represents a problem for producing the effects of such things as quantum non-locality.
A second kind of computational model associates nodes with particles and views particle interactions as a kind of computational network. This type is described by essayist Deepak Vaid.
But I see great advantages to the third type, which distinguishes the "memory" from the "display screen", so to speak. In this case, the computational hardware is not observable; we can only see the voxels that are the result of the computation. Physics in this case can be any finite calculation that offers a discretized output. It need not be a local computation.
3. "It is time we stopped being too clever for our own good and make a concerted effort to rid physics of its current bedeviling philosophy: The lack of confidence in the absolute existence of physical Reality in which we live and breathe."
I agree with you unless you are calling for a kind of strict materialism. I see the possibility of computational models as a middle ground between strict materialism and overly abstract speculation.
My own essay Software Cosmos takes a look at this kind of computational model from the top down, considering what we can determine about the universe if we assume it is software-generated. In fact, I am able to construct (and carry out) an observational test to determine if we currently live in a such a simulated virtual world.
Hugh