Alternative Models of Reality

I think you want to promote your writing service, yet you use no punctuation. It doesn't look good or read well. There are lots of articles and discussions on this site. Why don't you read some of those instead?

Dear James,

Generally, the effect that is called mass is the resultant motion output(s) of an interaction between the angular motion components of two or more entities that interact with each other. As an example, an energy photon contains two basic motion components. The first is a simple linear motion component at the motion amplitude level that is commonly called the speed of light. It is responsible for the photon's forward motion in its direction of travel. The second is its angular motion component at ninety degrees to its direction of travel. It is a cyclical motion that gets its directional reversal by interacting with the ends of the fourth dimension in which it travels. It travels to one end of the fourth dimension and then its direction is reversed so that it travels to the other end and its direction is then reversed again to maintain its continual cyclical motion. When it is at one end of the fourth dimension, it is just outside of our three dimensional structure. As it begins to move away from the end it begins to enter our three dimensional system. It reaches full overlap with the lower three dimensions when it is at the center of the fourth dimension. As it continues to travel it begins to pass out of interaction with the lower three dimensions and completely exits just as it reaches the other side of the fourth dimension. It then does the same thing again only except it travels in the opposite direction in the fourth dimension this time. This cycle is repeated indefinitely in the absence of an interaction with another entity.

During an interaction with another entity it exhibits a dynamic mass effect that depends on the state of two conditions at the point of interaction. First is its fourth dimensional motion amplitude (speed or amount of motion it contains). The greater its fourth dimensional motion is, the more motion it can transfer during the interaction and, thus the greater is the mass effect that it exhibits either in its change of motion of the entity it is interacting with and/or the less it is moved by the other entity. This greater motion level also causes the fourth dimensional motion to travel back and forth between the ends of the very short fourth dimension faster, so that its cyclical frequency is greater and it travels less distance in its forward linear direction during one cycle, thus its wave length is shorter. The second condition or variable is how much of the fourth dimensional motion is within our three dimensional system at the point of interaction. If the point of interaction occurs when the motion is at one end of the fourth dimension, it is completely out of the three dimensional system, so no motion can be transferred and no interaction occurs. The maximum motion transfer occurs when the motion is completely in the three dimensional system. From this you can see that since the amount of motion that a given photon can transfer to another entity can vary from zero to a maximum that depends on its fourth dimensional motion amplitude, its effect on the other entity and the effect that the other entity has on it during a given interaction is dynamic or variable in nature. This gives a very basic view of how the mass effect of an energy photon works.

Matter particles are more complex because in addition to the above structure, matter particles contain another angular motion component. They contain a fifth dimensional motion that feeds motion into the lower three dimensions in a sequential pattern, so that the energy photon contained within the matter particle travels a three dimensional curved path that curves back upon itself creating a cyclical enclosed path. Since the photon is already traveling at the speed of light the additional motion that is transferred into each of the lower three dimensions causes motion to be transferred into the fourth dimension to maintain the photon's speed at the speed of light or C. The end result is that the only change is the angular directional change to create the enclosed path structure of the matter particle. If the fourth dimensional wavelength fits properly inside of the enclosed path the proper angular motion component is present to allow the extra motion that has been transferred to the fourth dimension to be transferred back into the fifth dimension, thus completing the interdimensional motion flow cycle of the matter particle and it is stable. If the wavelength does not properly fit, the extra motion remains in the fourth dimension and the matter particle loses its fifth dimensional motion and it, thus changes into an energy photon. The enclosed path structure of the matter particle creates an angular motion component that operates in all directions about the matter particle's enclosed path during an interaction, thus you can get the same effect no matter from what direction an entity approaches toward the matter particle. Since the matter particle contains this angular motion component even when the enclosed path structure is not traveling, but is stationary, its mass effect during an interaction remains as a static or stationary mass. Of course it is greater if the enclosed path also contains a motion component that causes it to travel in some direction, as that motion can also be transferred during an interaction. During an interaction with another entity, the actual effects that occur depend not only on the state of the fourth dimensional motion amplitude and its overlap of the lower three dimensions as mentioned above, but also depends on the position of the matter particle's structural point in its enclosed path at the point of interaction. It is these things and some other things that have to do with the sub-energy fields that are generated by the matter particle to both travel through it (the internal field) and also travel around the particle in spherical high and low density flow patterns (the external field structure), etc. that account for the various different outputs that can occur during an interaction with another entity. The probabilities of each output occurring is also determined by the range of motions of these things that can allow the interaction to occur. I hope this is of some help to you.

Sincerely,

Paul

Hi Paul,

Thank you for the time and effort you put into sharing your views. I was asking questions so for a few messages it probably looks as if I am seeking to learn answers. I have the answers to my questions and have put those answers to work producing results, many of which have been written about here at FQXi.org both in the forum discussion context and in the essay contests. My purpose for asking questions of Akinbo rather than giving answers is, besides the fact that my answers have mostly been given, that he doesn't see the problem that I solved. There is no marketplace for solutions to problems that don't exist. One has to see the problem in order to understand and appreciate the solution. The problem is that mass is not defined in physics. It is in a perpetual state of being a fundamental indefinable property. Definitions used to be held to strict, clear standards which I have quoted here.

In today's physics, definitions are loose and similar to the types that layman would make use of. Unfortunately for today's physics, their equations cannot tolerate their loose use of definitions. The penalty paid is mathematical results that aren't accurately portraying the properties of the universe. Mass is a principle victim of misrepresentations. Theoretical physics plays with mass and talks of mass and works with mass and explains mass, yet all the while, mass remains an undefined property meaning it is an unexplained property. Unexplained properties are subject to theorists guesses and imaginative substitutes that appear to work mathematically. Unfortunately mathematics can't correct that which theorists will not themselves correct.

My point is this: I don't subscribe to answers that are permanently out of our reach. The descriptions of mass, and any other property, that rely upon dimensions that are inaccessible to us, and, actions that are not consistent with those we observe in empirical evidence, are not the kind that seek to learn. My work involves removing empirically unsupported theoretical intrusions into physics equations and returning them to their empirical forms, so that we may learn that which empirical evidence is revealing to us.

It is empirical evidence that informs us about everything that we can learn about the mechanical operation of the universe. The failure of physicists to properly define mass in the traditional manner that survived in text books up until at least the 70's, is one of the main reasons why physics theories must search for their answers in imagined places. We disagree in our approach and understanding of the operation of the universe. Thank you though for sharing your view and attempting to help me to understand it.

Duel universe particles would exist in this space-time universe and a second space-time universe. The secondary universe may be pre-big bang or post big bang. A pre-big bang secondary universe would be curled up into the dual universe particle. Properly stimulated, it could manifest its properties of the rolled up universe into our universe. That means you could generated superluminal fields in this universe. You could also create what are called meta particles. Meta particles would normally exist in another universe with a different speed of light and Planck constant, but they could be caused to exist in our universe.

Dear James,

I am sorry it took so long to get back to you, but I wanted to look at your papers on FQXI to get an idea what your concepts are and I also had many other things going on at the same time. I do see that you understand the concept that the most basic constituents of the structure of the universe can only be rightly defined in units of their own quantity, amount or size, etc. and other entities that are derived from or are just relationships to those basic structures can then be defined in terms of these most basic structures.

We certainly both agree that one of these basic structures is space and that the measurement of an amount or extent of space is what we call distance and have divided it up into units like meters or feet, etc. Space also has other aspects that we can readily observe, such as three bidirectional dimensions that are joined together at ninety degrees to each other into a network that allows an entity in space to travel equally freely in any combination of those 6 directions. Space is basically the place where other entities can exist, move, and interact with space and one another.

This brings me to the concept that the next most basic structure is that of the entities that occupy space. Man currently tends to consider there to be 3 types of such entities, which are matter particles, energy photons, and fields. When I looked at the observational data, however, I found that it is clear that matter particles can be changed into energy photons (example, electron positron annihilation with low kinetic energy interaction) and energy photons can be changed into angular or linear motions (example, photon interaction with an electron in an atom that raises the electron to a higher level and photon interaction with a free electron which changes the electron's linear motion amplitude or speed). In both cases the photon disappears and is said to be absorbed by the electron. Since the only change in the electron is its amount of motion, it is obvious that what was the photon has been changed into the observed motion. If photons can be changed into motions then it is reasonable to consider that they are composed of motions that are in some way stored in such a way that it produces the photon. By extension, it is reasonable to consider that a matter particle is also composed of motions. If this is true, it means that motion(s) should also be able to produce photons and matter particles. This has also been observed. Example, An electron in an atom can change from a higher level or orbit in the atom to a lower one and in the process its total kinetic motion decreases. This freed up motion then generates or creates an energy photon, which then travels off into space at the speed of light. When two matter particles with great relative kinetic energy interact they can produce many matter particles that contain much more mass than the original two particles had. It has been demonstrated that the kinetic energy of the resultant particles is less than that of the original two particles by an amount that is equal to the amount that is necessary to produce the increased mass of the resultant particles compared to the mass of the original two particles. This means that this kinetic energy which is another way of saying motion has been converted into matter particles. These things are not hard to understand from the observational data. From this it is easy to see that motion is the next most basic entity and that all of the matter particles, energy photons, and fields are composed of motions in some way. If we start with simple motions because they are the easiest to understand, the next question that one is led to from this is: how do you construct an energy photon from simple motion(s)?

Simple motions possess only a few properties, which are:

1. A continual change of position.

2. The amount of motion it contains or its motion amplitude. This determines how far it will change its motion to in comparison to another motion that is chosen to be a standard motion.

3. Its direction of travel.

A simple motion can read its direction of travel to allow it to change its position in the right direction, but cannot access its direction of travel to change it (read only). It can only be changed as the result of an interaction. It can read its motion amplitude information and use that information to generate its amount of change of motion, but it cannot access it to change its motion amplitude (read only). Again this can only change due to an interaction. It can read its position information and can also change it. (read and write access). As mentioned above the changes that it makes to its position information are controlled by its motion amplitude and direction data.

So how do you use such simple motions to build an energy photon? The first part is rather easy. All energy photons travel in a single direction (each has its own direction, which is not the same as all other photons' directions) at the same motion amplitude, which is called the speed of light or C. This can be done by a single simple motion, although there is the question as to why they all travel at the same motion amplitude. The second part is harder. Each photon possesses a cyclical angular motion that operates at 90 degrees to its direction of travel. The problem is that cyclical motions must periodically reverse their direction of travel in order to return to the beginning point of their cycle and then again to begin the next cycle. This can only occur as a result of periodic interactions of some kind to change the motion's stored directional data. A simple motion cannot do this by itself. It is, however, required to make an energy photon. Since an energy photon can possess this motion even when it is traveling through empty space it must not be a result of interactions with other entities. Moreover if it was due to some interactions with some type of unknown and as yet unobserved entity, it would be expected that such entities would not be uniformly spaced and all traveling at the same motion amplitude so as to produce cycles that are always the same frequency and wavelength, but would be randomly spaced and would likely be moving around so as to produce cycles of varying lengths and frequencies. The easiest answer to this problem that I could see was the use of a small fourth dimension. The Fourth dimensional motion could travel back and forth in that dimension and interact with the ends of the dimension to reverse its motion to produce its cyclical motion. One problem with this concept is that the motion would instantaneously change its direction at each end of the dimension and then travel through the dimension at a single motion amplitude. This would create a cyclical motion with a square wave form, but photons have a sign wave form. If the motion is not always in our three dimensional world, but gradually enters and once it is completely in begins to gradually exit it, the sign wave form is created. This is just a way to explain the observed data concerning how energy photons work. Of course, if you can produce a better way please tell me about it. I am, of course, looking for a way that does not use such things as forces that cannot be explained as to how the work, etc. The way that I have given can do so. It can also explain why energy photons generally all travel at the speed of light because this can be viewed as the speed threshold at which motion is transferred from the lower three dimensions to the fourth dimension and vice versa.

This opens up the concept of another type of particle, which I call a sub-energy particle. It consists of a single simple motion that travels at or below the speed of light. If motion is added to it so that it would travel faster than the speed of light, that extra motion is transferred to the fourth dimension and it becomes an energy photon. Individually sub-energy particles have very little effect on energy photons or matter particles because linear motion even at the speed of light has little effect in interactions as can be observed in the very weak interactions of very low frequency photons, which still travel at the speed of light. It is the angular motion components that generate most of the interaction effects. Large numbers of sub-energy particles can be entrained in and by matter particles and under enough combined pressure they can interact. They are what all forces are composed of. As an example, in an atom the electrons travel centered on a low pressure sphere between two high pressure sub-energy spheres. If extra motion is added to the electron it tries to move up and increases its pressure on the high pressure sub-energy sphere above it. If the added motion is great enough it will pass through the sphere and settle in a low pressure sphere higher up above the nucleus of the atom. Since this higher up position is above the natural level it would be in due to its mass, etc. it will tend to be pulled back down causing it to place greater pressure on the high density sphere below it. This extra pressure can allow an interaction to occur between the electron and a sub-energy particle in the high density sphere below it and transfer enough motion to that sub-energy particle to cause it to be changed into an energy photon that carries the extra motion away from the electron which then goes back down to its normal level. This explains the appearance of energy photons without the need for weird vacuum states of space, etc. and also explains the structure of fields in a way that easily explains the causes and effects of their behavior.

The next problem is how to change an energy photon into a matter particle. Matter particles possess a frequency and wave length effect similar to energy photons, so it could be that a matter particle contains an energy photon in it. The main difference between them is that the photon always travels at the speed of light in a linear direction while a matter particle can travel at any speed from zero up to about the speed of light and the photon possesses only a dynamic variable mass that operates at ninety degrees to its direction of travel while a matter particle possesses a static mass effect that continues to exist even when the matter particle is at rest and it operates at ninety degrees to all directions about the particle. The question then is how do you change the observed effects from those observed in a photon to those seen in a matter particle? The easiest answer that I have found is to add another motion that causes the photon to take a curved path that encloses upon itself to create the matter particle. This path must be three dimensional in order to make the mass effect the same in all directions. The result is a change from traveling in some direction at the speed of light to traveling at the speed of light around the enclosed path. This generates great angular motion which operates in all directions about the matter particle to create the static mass effect, so it solves both problems. This motion must be cyclical, which means it must periodically change direction in all three dimensions (not in all at the same time) and it must vary in amplitude in a sign wave pattern. The motions introduced into each of the three dimensions must also be out of phase with each other in such a way as to produce the enclosed path structure. Again I used another (fifth) dimension to explain this motions operation. Maybe you can do better. Since it is not yet time for man to know how the fifth vector works in detail I have kept this part of the explanation vague and will not go into great detail about it.

My intent is to produce a model of the structure of the universe that explains the observed data in a way that can be completely understood and that produces the observed causes and effects without relying on concepts that are vague or don't make logical sense, etc. Instead of considering matter particles to be point objects, but at the same time possess angular motion (as observed) called spin which does not make any sense because a point particle would possess a point about which a spin could occur, but has nothing to spin about that point, I not only show how it can have spin, but also show how you can convert one type of particle into another one and even how fields work. I use two extra dimensions to do it, but I do not need multiverses, space that is not truly space, wave functions that must be observed to cause them to collapse to allow anything to happen, unexplained multiple results from interactions or unexplained probabilities of each of them occurring, etc. It breaks everything down to being composed of simple motions. Remember that all of the theories and math models are just at best a model that closely approximates reality. We cannot observe all of reality in such a way as to fully understand every aspect of it. If you can explain as much as I have about how things are structured without the two extra dimensions, please show me your way of doing it.

I must admit that I do not consider time to be a basic structural constituent, but just a relationship between distance and motion. It is just a way to compare one motion with another one. Its unit of seconds is one sixtieth of a minute, which is one sixtieth of an hour which is one twenty fourth of a day, which is roughly a measure of the motion of any particle of the earth through one complete cycle of its motion about the axis of the earth. It is much easier to just pick any convenient motion amplitude to be the standard motion amplitude and then compare all other motions with it. If you want to stick to the day as your standard motion amplitude then its motion amplitude would be 1 unit of motion amplitude and a motion that would travel around the earth twice during one standard day unit would have 2 units of motion amplitude etc. It makes things much simpler to understand. In this way you are looking at the amount, size, or quantity of motions defined in their own natural units, which is appropriate since motions are a basic constituent of the universe and are the entities which occupy space and interact with each other and with space.

Sincerely,

Paul

very beautiful reasoning dear Jedis of the Sphere

this is my theory - gravity waves going through space will change the size and shape of things and there will be a lot of things changing like mass electric charge all forces magnetic moment - because of this LIGO will not work - I do not know if I am the first person to say some of these things Kurt Stocklmeir

An alternative model of reality--

1. Roger Penrose in The Road to Reality emphasizes the importance of and wonders about the meaning of complex numbers in the basic equations of physics. The first section in the attached addresses his question.

2. Erwin Shrodinger raised questions about the identity of a particle, which is not covered by his equation. The second section presents such an equation.

3. Bohm and Hiley (The Undivided Universe) describe "active information" and "the holomovement." Active information is here described in terms of game theory, based on a game much studied in the laboratory. The holomovement is modeled by a stream that emerges from a non-wellfounded set.

4. Measurement of consciousness is an issue raised elsewhere on FQXI. Observation of the beginning and ending of self is suggested by a Petri net model of a stream-- as above, modeled by a non-wellfounded set. Which suggests a hypothesis that could be tested in a good neuro-imaging lab, one experienced with laboratory animals.

The model is here.

Hi Kurt,

do you mean through space or space-time? Do you mean the distribution of EM radiation will be affected altering the size and shape of the images produced from the information, or the size and shape of material objects will change? Why do you say charge and forces and magnetic moments will change?

Einstein's theory of Gravity has no place for Gravitational Waves

One year after the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) instrument's discovered Gravitational Waves, the LIGO scientists still have not provided the answer for this question: "What are the Gravitational waves MADE OF?" or "When someone talks of waves, the instant response should always be, "Waves of what?", as Charles Scurlock put it.

So, as of today, the basic nature of LIGO Gravitational Waves is still a mystery.

Actually, this widely and cheerfully accepted discovery creates much more mysteries and myths that need to be addressed. This GW, for example, is acting - or moving, precisely - against the Laws of Physics.

Throwing a big rock into water, we create waves that would certainly move toward the shore. But if we dig a hole at the bottom of the lake that immediately sucks water in - something similar to the black hole - the waves created, if any, would move in the opposite direction, toward the hole, not the shore.

The illustration provided by LIGO artist shows it well.

But the LIGO's two black holes - while merging and combining their sucking power - suddenly generate waves that move away from the holes and toward the shore, or in this case the LIGO instrument that is 1.3 billion light years away from where they were born.

Another mystery is the unbelievable capacity of the LIGO instrument.

http://www.einsteinerrs.com/Attachment #1: Einsteins_theory_of_Gravity_has_no_place_for_Gravitational_Waves_N.doc

We live in a multiverse represented by all combinations of c, h, G. Fine tuning was inevitable. It is a good bet that our universe is overlapped with other universes, some of which may be superluminal, others with even stranger properties.

Hi Jason,

Hope you are well,Happy to see you again on FQXi? it is cool that you write also.You are creative.I have thought also about these multiverses.The works of Mr Tegmark about the mathematical universe and multiverses are interesting.I asked me what where a multiverse if we link with the uniquenss.A center so is necessary.If our universe is part of a multiverse.And if I link with my theory of spherisation, let's assume so a multispheres.The big question is about thisuniqueness,in logic we return at this number 1 and this uniquenss, because the multispheres is part of a sphere with sphères.Now I find the idea relevant for the play with constants,laws and intrinsic équations of these sphères different.That said we return always with this uniquenss, entropical.The serie is so between 1 and 1.In this line of reasoning indeed we can play with different properties.Personaly I consider one universal sphere in my model, but the mathematical play of multispheres of Mr Tegmark could be relevant for the imagination and creativity even subjectivity.

ps Jason The superluminal is possible with particles not baryonic in logic ,this dark matter.But not with our fermions bosons at my humble opinion.Regards

Hi Steve,

Great to hear from you. You have been one of the long standing pillars of this physics community.

I imagine our spacetime to be like a spherical planet/star inside of it's own cosmos, but that every space-time is growing larger at its own speed of light until they all begin to overlap. Our space time is likely to have overlapped with other space-times that won't necessarily be detectable. They are like ghostly universes all around us.

Dear Steve Agnew,

"Although discrete aether seems natural to me and unifies gravity and charge, no one else seems to really want to reconcile gravity and charge no matter how much sense it makes."

I am familiar with the case put forward that "Instead of believing in space and time, it makes more sense to believe first of all in matter and action and let space and time emerge from matter and action." I have not read how it reconciles gravity and charge. I assume gravity is taken as a given once space and time, I believe you mean space-time, emerge. Could you please explain where charge makes its appearance. I am assuming you mean electric charge. The word charge is used in physics more loosely than that.

Hello Jason the creative :)

Thanks,I was not on fqxi because my net is hacked and that I have a lot of probelms in belgium dueto bad persons but I have faith I am christian.That helps.I love this Platform.They permit us to write our thoughts and models,it is innovant, transparent and we learn so much here.

Best Regards

Thank-you for your interest. It often seems like people argue endlessly about this and that but the basic idea of unification gets lost in the noise of quantum uncertainty.

Charge bonds matter by means of the exchange of photons, which is action or change. Gravity bonds matter by the exchange of the same photon along with its emitted photon at the CMB creation and everywhere in between. This biphoton exchange is the monopole and quadrupole of gravity while single photon exchange is the dipole of charge.

Thus discrete aether results in the universe of matter and action from which space and time or spacetime emerge. Change or quantum action by math is a differential and it is from that differential that space and time emerge. The quantum Hamilton Jacobi equation, which is the basis for both gravity and charge, has dimensionless ratios of space and time.

Time scales from the orbit period of the electron in hydrogen and other atoms while space scales from the charge radius of the electron. The mathy version is worked out here, but it is very mathy...Universal_Quantum_Action_with_Discrete_Aether_and_Time_Delay

The civilian version is here...quantum-aether

James and Steve,

Seeing as how each of us has at some point agreed to disagree with the other, and have something like a mutual disagreement association, let me introduce a basic idea.

'Quantum' is so overused that it deserves a Lenny Bruce expletive. So let us look at what 'unification' actually means. Gravitational theory whether Newtonian or Relativistic, cannot explain how the micro subatomic size masses can hold together in a nuclear cross-section volume against the magnitude of electrostatic force that must exist at that level of separation and the inverse square law still hold. The final act of the Rosetta mission cannot compare to how tenuous the gravitational attraction must be if those subatomic masses are discrete, particulate matter which is an entirely closed gravitational domain. (now, I don't want to get too far into the subject of topology as a unification of mathematics, so I'll try to keep this intuitive) To argue the Std Model of an 'exchange particle' in the theoretical form of a 'photon' is meaningless until that photon is given real physical definition beyond a simplistic value measurement. Because the question remains; 'what IS charge?!' and how can it be that it exhibits only one direction of action, either inward or outward, if treated as a quasi-surface of a spherical volume?

Firstly there must be a general, rather than operational, definition of both inertia and charge. jrc

Hello to both of you,

Thanks for sharing Mr Agnew,It is a beautiful work.I liked the 1d spherical wave and the sphere :) beautiful play of maths.That said I have difficulties to analyse this aether in correlation with our standard model and special relativity.This gravitation seems linked with dark matter and is not baryonic.The aether in this logic is gravitational.The motions andphasis in logic could be extrapolated with this gravitation considering particles of gravit ,this dark matter and BH and quantum BHs could be superimposed at our standard model.This zero absolute seems really interesting.The équations of motions could be imrpoved if wr insert mlosV=cst.and ml².The 3 motions of sphères,linear, orbital and spinal more the volumes and the nature can answer.The problem is this bridge of thermodynamics and special relativity.It is there that the spherical volumes become relevant at my humble opinion.The aether seems really gravitational considering these smallest spherons produces by the central BH.The biggest.All could be harmonised with the spherisation on an increasing entropical line time.The theorem of Noether and the geometrical algebras if they are well utilised about domains and axioms could be relevant.Time can be dépendent or independent and the classments of 3 motions could be relevant in 3D.I am asking me how are really these 3 motions of sphères.Have they a maximum? My equation is it correct? I don't know, perhaps even that simply the sense or rotation answers also for this thermodynamocal equilibrium between baryonic matter and dark matter ,this gravitation.I don't know, I am asking me what is this matter.I don't know if the roadis this zero absolute and its fractalisation near this zero.It is complex.In al case the motions are essential.Noether, Lagrange, Euler,Legendre....shall agree perhaps :)

Regards

at the same moment John, hello also.But like I write less speedly ,so this explains that:) Regards

ps john, they turn so they are .....