Dear Sir,
We took time to slowly enjoy your excellent essay for in-depth analysis; as such historical perspective is rarely seen. Much before 4000 BC, number was defined in ancient India as the property of everything by which we differentiate between similars. If there are nothing similar, it is one. If there are similars, then it is many. Depending upon the perception of one's in sequence, many could be 2,3,...n. Infinity was defined as like one - without similars, but unlike one, its dimensions are not perceptible. As Plato says: a limit, entering dialectic identity with infinity, stops being just a limit; it becomes a measure. Zero was defined as something that does not exist at here-now, but exists elsewhere. Mathematics - Ganita - was defined as the science of numbers. Physics (padaartha) was defined as whatever exists, is intelligible as information and is describable using any language in a format: 'this (artha - object) is like that (pada - concept or information), hence this is that'. Point (vindu) was defined as without form (soonyaakaaraat), but capable of extension (visargyantaat) and reverse; like pulsation (praspanda samvitah). It also reflected the universe (vishwam), as they both behave similarly (vishati pravishati swakaarane).
Kanaada defined bodies as possessing some of the universal characteristics (gunaashraya) and movement measure (kriyavaan), both of which remain in a relationship of inherence (samavaayi lakshana), i.e., as long as the object remains as such. Thought is the inertia of mind (bhaavanaa samskaara). It starts in response to an external impulse by drawing similarities from memory and gets destroyed due to knowledge about the object of thought, pain or after getting the object of desire. Language is the transposition of information to another system's CPU or mind by signals or sounds using energy (self communication is perception). The transposition may relate to a fixed object/information. It can be used in different domains and different contexts or require modifications in prescribed manner depending upon the context. Mathematics is the quantitative aspect of Nature.
B. Raushenbakh's description of absolute movement, absolute becoming (time evolution) are correct, but his description of absolute rest has limitations. Nothing during the creation is at absolute rest. The concept applies only to the state outside creation. The Logos or "the law of laws", "the meta-law" is only a pulsating state (spanda) that resolves into two equal and opposite momentum in the primordial process. Due to bow-shock effect, it cuts off a bound structure and swings back to generate chain interactions that resolve into 15 different forces and is responsible for structure formation. The Spanda principle also accepts linear (ontological continuum) as energy wave-vortex (ontological dis-continuum) as matter vortex (ontological discretum) as the unification.
Regards,
basudeba
