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Essay Abstract

We speculate that the arrow of time stems from the growth of an information space housing the full gamut of quantum states in the universe. As this information space dynamically expands, in conjunction with the growth of the physical universe, the network of alternatives would become increasingly complex, explaining why wave-function collapse is future-directed and why causality due to conscious decision-making is in the forward direction. In other words, an arrow of information entropy increase would set the order of cause and effect. Because the labyrinth of possibilities could grow in a deterministic fashion, yet the choices themselves could be arbitrary, our model could offer a means of reconciling mechanistic, probabilistic, and freely-chosen aspects of how natural interactions transpire. We examine how this model bears on the question of time travel, and contrast its implications with those of earlier descriptions of time as a cycle or as a steady stream.

Author Bio

Paul Halpern is Professor of Physics at the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. After receiving a PhD from Stony Brook University, he has published a number of articles in the fields of general relativity, complexity theory, cultural aspects of science, and the history of physics. The author of 11 popular science books, he has been the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, a Fulbright Award, and an Athenaeum Literary Award.

Download Essay PDF File

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Hello Paul,

Thanks for the cool paper!

You write, "Classical mechanics offers a clockwork view of a steady rhythm of causes followed by effects. It is eminently deterministic and fully reversible."

Classical mechanics is not always fully reversable. Drop a coffee mug on the ground and it shatters. Although described by classical mechanics, it will never reassamble as it was, even with glue. And how about friction? Friction slows things down but doesn't generally speed them up. We teach this in classical mechanics.

You write, "Special relativity, particularly in the version framed by Hermann Minkowski, solidified the concept of time as being on par with space as members of a dimensional quartet--what became known as a spacetime manifold."

Well, "on par" is not quite "equal to," and this is the scene of the crime which has given us the huam construct of the block universe, frozen time, and implied time travel.

Be careful here, as time is very different from the spatial coordinates.

You would enjoy my essay, "In his 1912 Manuscript on Relativity, Einstein never stated that time is the fourth dimension, but rather he wrote x4 = ict. The fourth dimension is not time, but ict. Despite this, prominent physicists have oft equated time and the fourth dimension, leading to un-resolvable paradoxes and confusion regarding time's physical nature, as physicists mistakenly projected properties of the three spatial dimensions onto a time dimension, resulting in curious concepts including frozen time and block universes in which the past and future are omni-present, thusly denying free will, while implying the possibility of time travel into the past, which visitors from the future have yet to verify. Beginning with the postulate that time is an emergent phenomenon resulting from a fourth dimension expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions at the rate of c, diverse phenomena from relativity, quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics are accounted for. Time dilation, the equivalence of mass and energy, nonlocality, wave-particle duality, and entropy are shown to arise from a common, deeper physical reality expressed with dx4/dt=ic. This postulate and equation, from which Einstein's relativity is derived, presents a fundamental model accounting for the emergence of time, the constant velocity of light, the fact that the maximum velocity is c, and the fact that c is independent of the velocity of the source, as photons are but matter surfing a fourth expanding dimension. In general relativity, Einstein showed that the dimensions themselves could bend, curve, and move. The present theory extends this principle, postulating that the fourth dimension is moving independently of the three spatial dimensions, distributing locality and fathering time. This physical model underlies and accounts for time in quantum mechanics, relativity, and statistical mechanics, as well as entropy, the universe's expansion, and time's arrows."

--http://fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/238 : Time as an Emergent Phenomenon: Traveling Back to the Heroic Age of Physics by Elliot McGucken

If you look at Einstein's RELATIVITY,

http://www.scribd.com/doc/3409/eBook-PDF-Science-Albert-Einstein-Relativity-1

you will see

x1=x

x2=y

x3=z

x4=ict

Ergo x4 = ict, naturally implying MDT's postulate and equation reflecting a hitherto unsung universal invariant: dx4/dt = ic--the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions at the rate of c.

How else would one weave change into the fundamental fabric of spacetime (where it has been longing to be, as without change there is no measurement, and thus no physics), unfreezing time and liberating us from the block universe and granting us free will, while also accounting for quantum nonlocality and entanglement, while providing a *physical* mechanism underlying relativity, entropy, and time and all its arrows and assymetries, thusly unifying physical reality with a simple postulate and equation?

Such is the nature of that more heroic physics.

You write, "general relativity implies a far more rigid

determinism by freezing all of history into a solid immutable block. The reason is that the division of spacetime into space and time is arbitrary."

Acutally, time is not the fourth dimension, but rather a parameter that emerges because the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions.

The attached paper shows how MDT, while embracing the hitherto unsung universal invariant of a fourth dimension expanding at c, accounts for the gravitational slowing of light and time, as well as the gravitational redshift.

You write, "If one could somehow step outside of the

spacetime manifold, all moments would be as accessible as all locations. In its purest form this "block universe idea" offers the startling conclusion that travel through time ought to be as simple as traveling along any spatial direction, and that the passage of time is an illusion. Such implications clash with our intuition, placing us in the situation of either denying the framework of Einstein's elegant theory, slicing in a manner it to reflect our own experience of time (such as in the ADM formalism of Arnowitt, Deser and Misner [3]), or proclaiming that our feeling of moments passing is fallacious."

But there is another way on this brand new day! It seems you did not yet read my paper before writing yours.

MDT liberates us from the block universe, while retaining all of relativity, and providing a *physical* mechanism for change! Change has at long last been woven into the fundamental fabric of spacetime with dx4/dt=ic, and too, the very same physical model accounts for nonlocality, entropy, quantum entanglement, relativity, and time and all its arrows and assymetries across all realms.

You write, "Yet another directional arrow of time pertains to quantum measurement. According to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, whenever an observer measures a particle's property, its wave function collapses into one of a spectrum of eigenstates 3 corresponding to a particular eigenvalue pertaining to that property. For example, measuring an electron's spin forces it into one of its two spin states, each matched up with a different spin eigenvalue. Such wave function collapse is generally irreversible; that is, one cannot directly "undo" the measurement to restore a mixed spin state."

In the simplest case of the photon, the act of measurement removes Wheeler's momenergy from the fourth expanding dimension, which represents an expanding sphere of nonlocality, and it localizes the photon in the three spatial dimensions, on a photographic plate.

By going back to Einstein's 1912 paper, MDT has saved us from the perpetual-motion and everlasting reign of anthropic multiverse/parallel universe/anti-theories/information spaces, whose theorists exist because if they didn't exist, they wouldn't exist, and they get tenure for this logic, because if they didn't, they wouldn't. I think that is how it goes.

You write, "If each of these paths represents a parallel universe, then there is no contradiction with determinism--because all possibilities that can occur will occur."

There is no evidence for a parallel universe, let alone an infinte number of such universes; while there is plenty evidence for MDT--the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions at the rate of c.

You write, "Past-directed time travel would be permitted, consistent with general relativistic anomalies such as wormholes, in so far as the information space in the past possessed available "slots' to accommodate the material traveling back in time. As a result, those attempting pastdirected time travel would be forced into alternative timelines rather than those already occupied by actual events. Effectively, therefore, they would be unable to interfere with existing structures (such as anything familiar), making it a rather meaningless excursion."

So the block universe is real, you say, and we can travel back in time, but we can't travel back in time where things actually happened.

I hope you enjoy Moving Dimensions Theory, which stays away from "rather meaningless excursions," by proposing a hitherto unsung universal invariant--the fourth dimension is expanding relative to the three spatial dimensions at the rate of c. All of relativity is derived from this, while a *physical* model is given for time and its arrows across all realms.

Best,

Dr. E (The Real McCoy)

P.S. You write, "Although our model is hypothetical, some of its elements could conceivably emerge through a fuller

understanding of quantum gravity."

I think it is funny how every modern physicist concludes with:

1) our theory reagarding time is hypothetical and young.

2) as soon as they figure quantum gravity out, our theory will be proven to be true.

But there is no need to quantize gravity, as space is continuous, and all quantum action derives from the Planckian wavelength of the fourth expanding dimension, which sets both h and c. Please see the attached paper. below.Attachment #1: 7_MOVING_DIMENSIONS_THEORY_EXAMINES_THE_GRAVITATIONAL_REDSHIFT_SLOWING_OF_CLOCKS.pdf

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Professor Halpern,

That is a well and clearly stated history of the understanding of time and how it naturally leads into your view of time as branching out into ever expanding possibilities. It also offers me the opportunity to point out why this concept of time has diverged from the real world.

This sea of energy that is the basis of reality is constantly changing form. So while this energy goes from one form to the next, the particular forms go from being in the future to being in the past. Tomorrow becomes yesterday.

The sun moves east to west, but the reality is the earth rotating west to east.

There are natives of South America who view the past as in from of the observer, with the future behind them. That is because their point of reference, the hand of their clock, is the energy, which first causes the event, then presents it to the observer and then travels past the observer. As opposed to our more anthropological assumption that the observer is traveling from past to future, so the past is behind and the future is in front. Put this in the context of Schrodinger's Cat; The arrow goes from the quantum event to the cat, to the door of the box, to the observer and beyond. Makes more sense than the observer moving forward into the alternative possibilities?

So, yes, the series of events do branch out in the future, but we, existing as a momentary state in the sea of energy, are not traveling toward the future. It is coming to us, like a wave crashing on the beach. Even our individual lives are units of time which start in the future, are carried along for awhile and are deposited in the past, while the larger organism of life moves onto the next generation. To the hands of the clock, it's the face going counterclockwise.

Energy and information are like two sides of the same coin. Energy manifests some amount of information, by its existence, while information requires energy to exist, yet they travel in opposing directions of time.

What this means is that time is a consequence of motion, like temperature, rather than the basis for it, like the vacuum of space. Since temperature is an average of motion, it can be stable at a point, but as a unit of motion, time cannot be described as a dimensionless point, as that would be the cessation of motion, like a temperature of absolute zero. Time is variable because the rate of change is variable. A hotter candle burns faster. Atomic activity in a vacuum is faster than such activity in a gravity field.

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Dear Dr. E,

Thanks for your remarks and a presentation of your ideas. On the question of classical mechanics and reversibility I was referring to the strict application of Newton's laws of motion without taking the dissipation of energy into account.

Dear John,

Thanks for sharing your insights. In speaking of the human sense of motion toward the future that is from the perspective of conscious perception rather than from a retrospective view. However, you are correct that, in hindsight, what was once the present recedes into the past.

Much appreciation for both of your comments!

Regards,

Paul

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Professor Halpern,

Thank you for taking the time to think through and comment favorably on my observation, even though it is at odds with your own perspective. It's been my experience, in discussing science, that others are far more willing to point out logical flaws than acknowledge what does seem reasonable. Given the objectivity, cooperation and mutual benefit to which science aspires, I find this somewhat surprising. Though as a student of history, politics, nature, human and otherwise, as well, I'm not entirely surprised.

We live in interesting times and this has been an interesting discussion about time.

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John,

It is my pleasure. I think an open-minded approach toward philosophical issues offers the surest path toward a deeper understanding.

Best wishes,

Paul

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Paul,

Agreed. We have to be objective about ourselves before we can really be objective about anything else.

Although our knowledge will always be finite, while our ignorance will always be infinite. Just not absolute.

Regards,

John

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Dear Paul,

What an intriguing idea. One cannot help ruminate on it, especially the deterministic vs. undetermined aspect. Your essay is very well written too. You managed to cover a remarkable amount of ground, while I thought your analogies were great as well.

Best of luck

Peter

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Dear Peter,

Thanks for your kind remarks. I very much appreciate your insights.

Best wishes,

Paul

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Paul, thanks for a thoroughly delightful tour of the labyrinth of time. Borges is also one of my favorites, and I would choose "The Library of Babel" for my metaphor.

Borges writes, in describing the universe as "...an indefinite and perhaps infinite number of hexagonal galleries" that "The Library is a sphere whose exact center is any one of its hexagons and whose circumference is inaccessible."

Showing that his library is a perfectly physical possibility with objectively measurable results, Borges adds, "(The mystics claim that their ecstasy reveals to them a circular chamber containing a great circular book, whose spine is continuous and which follows the complete circle of the walls; but their testimony is suspect; their words, obscure. This cyclical book is God.)"

My ICCS 2007 paper (attached) agrees point for point with your conjecture of time as information.

All best,

TomAttachment #1: ICCS2007.pdf

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Dear Tom,

Thanks for your detailed comments. Glad you enjoyed my paper. Yes, I agree that "The Library of Babel" offers an excellent metaphor for the labyrinth of time. Looking forward to reading your article.

Best wishes,

Paul

9 days later
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Dear Prof. Halpern,

Very captivating history of the various modes of time proposed during the development of science. I especially like your idea of time as an expanding labyrinth, in an information space or multiverse.

Best wishes,

Cristi Stoica

"Flowing with a Frozen River",

http://fqxi.org/community/forum/topic/322

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Dear Professor Halpern,

Family trees bifurcate backwards. From your essay I conclude you a an expert in history of science. I largely share your points of view. May I ask you for comments on what you might not accept in my essay?

"Let's benefit from special mathematics for elapsed time"?

Sincerely,

Eckard Blumschein

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Dear Cristi,

Thanks so much for your kind comments about my essay!

Dear Eckard,

I appreciate your remarks. Yes I am interested in the history of science.

Best wishes,

Paul

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Dear Professor Halpern,

I found your essay highly readable and containing much food for thought as well as interesting historical tidbits. As I read these essays, I always try to think in the back of mind how one might be able to test the many new ideas they offer.

In the spirit of this thought, let me ask you the following question:

Suppose we take two boxes of equal volume and try to isolate what happens inside from outside as much as possible, so that the boxes can constitute closed systems. We fill the first box with a certain quantity of one kind of unstable particle, and the second box with exactly twice as many of the same kind.

Ordinarily, we would expect that the half-life of the particles is the same in both boxes.

If time is really to be modeled as an expanding labyrinth of diverging word-lines, should we not expect the half-life of the particles in the second box to be shorter, or at least different? The rationale is that since there are more unstable particles in the second isolated system of equal volume, there are more possibilities, therefore the labyrinth is more complicated, the information space is larger. If time is really a parameterization of these quantities, then it would appear to me that it should be different in the two systems, and the half-life is the most convenient measure I can think of to quantify this difference.

I tried to identify as many assumptions built into my thought experiment as I could, for if any one of them is incorrect, then it may render my conclusion invalid.

I assumed

1. It is possible to realistically have such isolated systems

2. the particles do not interact with each other (or at least, the interactions are independent of particle density)

3. Any gravitational effects are negligible

4. The process of putting the particles into the box and measuring the number of remaining particles after some time in each case has no effect on the outcome of the experiment.

Also, you write "a profound mystery about time is why do we experience its progression at a certain speed". I find this statement a little surprising because the special theory of relativity seems to offer a clear explanation for this insofar as we take any kind of periodic change in our environment (and perhaps even internal periodic changes, such as the pulse) as a standard against which to calibrate our sensory experience of time. I am, of course, referring to the Lorentz Factor (The issue of time's "progression at a certain speed" is of special interest to me because it is central to the main hypothesis in my paper).

Armin

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Dear Armin,

Thanks for your comments and interesting thought-experiment.

The expansion of the labyrinth of possibilities (growth of the information space) would be a universal effect, not a local effect. Therefore placing more decaying particles in a region would not affect the rate of temporal progression (as measured by decay rates) in that domain.

You raise an interesting point about the perception of time being connected to "periodic changes" in our enviroment. However, even in the absence of external indications of change (such as someone confined to a windowless room) we still sense that time is moving forward.

Best regards,

Paul

7 months later
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TIME EXPLAINED

http://servantofthelight.com

To understand time, it is necessary to understand its components.

Time is energy (virtual), with the same energy density as solid mass. Time is a function of energy, and so identical to energy.Energy in three-dimensional space is understood as mass, energy in the fourth Minkowski axis (the Minkowski axis is a limited mathematical representative model to express a view of time; as mathematical models are abstract, they are easily corrupted, confused or elaborately overly complicated, and generally demonstrate no relation to our physical reality), as time, this means: Each spatial dimension is held within the next, in this setting, the three ordinary dimensions of space are combined within a single dimension of time, to form a four-dimensional manifold, representing a space-time reality.

So multiplying an amount of time (t) (in seconds) by the speed of light squared (c²) gives the decompressed spatial energy (E) of transduced (changing one energy pattern to a different energy pattern) time (t), in short E = tc². This is under the idea that time is passing at a maximum speed, that of light, however light can be slowed possibly even stopped locally, just as time itself can be suspended locally, light is slowed when passing through transparent mass, time is slowed when the local virtual time energy is extracted and converted into electromagnetic energy. Mass is just a special form of energy. Mass is energy, however mass does not exist independently, only time mass exists, so the concept of mass as perceived as existing independently of time as a physical object is false.

Energy can move across the boundary of three-dimensional space, into the other spatial dimensions, referred to as an open system, in contrast to a closed system, which would isolate energy within three-dimensional space. (No closed energy system exists within the entire universe, it would not be possible to manufacture a closed energy system, even if you wished to) So all energy circulations are facilitated through the fourth-dimensional manifold of time. This means energy can be created and reabsorbed back into to the underlying source, as the true first law of thermodynamics, not the conservation of energy, but the exchange and expansion or contraction of energy.

The second law of thermodynamics is entropy always increases, again the direct opposite of the truth, all energy returns to negentropy, meaning perpetual motion machines are not just possible but fill the universe, take the energy of the orbit of electrons around a nucleus, the orbit of planets, stars, the energy pouring from every dipole (magnet), etc. Negentropy, states that the natural system is self-ordering (i.e., freely receiving energy from the active environment), while entropy, is a measure of disorder in a system (i.e., freely giving energy to the active environment) both these states work in balance.

As all dichotomies, it is the tension of the two opposing forces that generates the true nature of the dichotomy, entropy is held under tension with negentropy. An example of this is heat, it is a measure of the degree of disorder or entropy, but it will reorder slowly becoming ordered, negentropy, as it cools.

So accompanying entropy within three-dimensional space is the Negentropy of time energy, in the time envelope of three-dimensional space.

And accompanying Negentropy within three-dimensional space is the entropy of the time energy, in the time envelope of three-dimensional space.

The entire structure of all realities is based on the principle of dichotomy, it function between extremes, but held between these extremes exists salaam, the tension and balance that generates emergent complexity, of infinite potential, organically layered, self perpetuating through conscious imaginative creation, manifesting the expansion of ever more interlaced, interactive, interdependent dichotomies, all dichotomies return to the balance of tensions, they always return to order, a physical inclination to exist in negentropy.

The system functions through the broken symmetry of opposites, for example, the poles of a magnet or a dipole, it's the point of union that allows the energy of time to pour out at the speed of light, expanding into infinity. The entire universe functions on the conversion of energy, that being the transformation of the frequency of the energy. Time energy is virtual, meaning we cannot observe it as it is held within the manifold of the fourth dimension.

The totality of the helix carrier wave of light is the connection between all four dimensional planes, and so it is asserted, its interactions with mass creates that masses motion through time, this is why the helix carrier wave is the secondary effect of charge, therefore it is a unity of charge and light, ripples twist through the virtual fluidic space, while this generates a wake in physical space, it is within the two planes, both three dimensional space and the fluidic manifold of time. Light is an information transporting mechanism, it imparts colour, intensity, distance, shape, texture, movement, heat, and beauty, at its extremes it exhibits ultra violet and radiation, and it demonstrates a linear progression of change, so light is filled with potential.

I personally do not believe, time, travels at the speed of light, as the speed of light can be slowed through transparent mediums, or when travelling through localised areas, where the conversion of time energy is transduced into electromagnetic energy, at these locations light passes through these localised areas of transduction, and is slowed due to the reduction of available time energy, this means two things, firstly light is not a constant, and secondly, light does not create the motion through time of mass, but only the information transfer of the physical interaction of charge upon it, it can however complete the circle, sending its information back into the record within the active time field.

So charge is the continuously active entity, and charge would be far more suited to the task of time circulation, light is the information carrier beyond the source point, charge performs the processes of energy transduction between the time manifold and three-dimensional space. Charge changes time, not light, charge is the active, energetic entity, not light, light is passive, charge is practical, charge gives power and life to the universe, light simply illuminates its actions, while simultaneously light is being, itself, generated from the active charge. Charge is the underlying sustaining and activating physical source, upon manifestation, of every plasma, and as the universe is 99.999% plasma, charge is the real connection to the function and passage of time.

So the real force of time is the electromagnetic charge, this holds the memory of creation, therefore this has to hold the time motion of mass, it is the record keeper, light is the information transfer apparatus of every charge action, charge is the outpouring force driving this form of manifest creation, it is the force of life itself, it is the force within every atom, it is the key to understanding the energy circulation of the open time, to manifold, mutual exchange, within this open energy system of our physical universe.

The form of time is an ocean, the understanding of this ocean can be seen through the idea of the Dirac sea.The origins of the Dirac sea lie in the energy spectrum of the Dirac equation, extension of the Schrodinger equation, that Dirac had formulated in 1928. For each quantum state possessing a positive energy E, there is a corresponding state with energy -E.(negative E)

A positive-energy electron would be able to shed energy by continuously emitting helix carrier waves (light), a process that could continue without limit as the electron descends into lower and lower energy states, this has been demonstrated experimentally to be true, further demonstrating the open energy exchange of the manifold.

The existence of the Dirac sea holds an infinite negative electric charge filling every Quibit of three dimensional space, the perceived 'bare vacuum' must have an infinite positive charge density which is exactly cancelled by the Dirac sea. Since the absolute energy density is unobservable, only the changes in the energy density can be observed, further a sea of infinite extent can accept new particles even if it is filled. This sea of infinite negative electric charge is the time ocean, to master the understanding of the dirac sea free of Einsteinian confusion, will lay bare the form and function of time.

An example:

A Star is a vast dipole, which extracts transduced electromagnetic energy from the time manifold (virtual into observable), and pours it out in all directions at the speed of light, without ceasing, this means a star pours out time-polarised electromagnetic waves looping into the Sun from the outside, and travelling inward, this applies an electromagnetic charge to the gas (ionising the hydrogen), generating a vast plasma ball emitting helix carrier waves (light spectrum) and heat, and radiations, the dipole continues in a circulation as the longitudinally polarised electromagnetic wave, or helix carrier wave (light), discharges into three dimensional space.

Plasmas vary according to temperature and density, and have characteristics that scale over many orders of magnitude, this means to create a star, the density of the ionisation of the hydrogen would be enormous, above 10³³ charged particles per metered cubed. This range of ionisation density explains why for example Jupiter remains as a gas ball, as opposed to a blinding plasma ball of electroluminescence. The visible Universe is 99.999% plasma. The Sun is almost 100% plasma, as are all stars. Plasma makes up nearly 100% of the interplanetary, interstellar and intergalactic medium.

Electroluminescence of the plasma, by emitting helix carrier waves (light), both illuminates the universe, and in addition to the underlying ionised galaxy bubble, connects three-dimensional space to the time manifold, manifesting relativistic time, as each atom (or smaller) is independently manifest within time through the process of charge and light circulation, recorded within the virtual electromagnetic information field within the manifold, making this creation a linear time path based reality, a multi layered active vacuum information circulation, between the manifold and physical reality.

This means each atom of creation is independently held within time, each moment of time is a multiple connection, it is the manifestation of all dimensional planes working in harmony, as all realities are manifest instant by instant; without this constant materialization of reality, nothing would exist.

Maxwell's electrodynamics in their original quaternion form must be re-established in full, within the science of physics, abandoning any revisions, which constrain and restrict the true understanding of electrodynamics, perpetrated, so violating our perception of the truth, by reprehensible individuals.

Maxwell's electrodynamics, when applied to moving bodies, a state apparent for all mass, leads to asymmetries (a relation between two things in which the first has a relation to the second, but the second cannot have the same relation to the first).

This is clearly shown with the function of a dynamo. Consider first, if the magnet is in motion and the conductor at rest, the magnet transduces the electromagnetic field it emits, into an electric field, with a certain definite energy, producing a current at the places where parts of the conductor are situated.

But if you reverse the situation and the magnet is stationary, and the conductor in motion, no electric field is generated, so demonstrating asymmetry.

This asymmetric principle is important within the physical universe, to allow the principle of a continuous self-creating cosmology, achieved through scalar fields (examples of scalar fields are, temperature distribution throughout space, or the air pressure of our atmosphere.), scalar fields, as the name suggests can be scaled up or down, as in a differential fractal order. The set of all scalar fields on a manifold forms a commutative ring (all scalar field commutative rings are automatically two sided, demonstrating a circulation of information between the active manifold and the manifest physical universe, mass itself is a manifestation of energy (knowledge)). Complex scalar fields represent the variable interactive parameters of charged particles.

Tensor fields (a field existing independently of latitude and longitude, beyond physical constraints), tensor fields defined over a manifold, which define a tensor at every point of the manifold independent of co-ordinates. Tensor fields allow none linear communication, between physical to physical, physical to virtual, virtual to physical, and presumably between virtual to virtual communications. So in combination scalar and tensor fields, generate continuous self creation, which is the expansion of knowledge, being the structure of all things, a single emanating source, the thought, and the memory of existence.

To further understand the existence of the manifold, consider movement, the movement within every atom, a perpetual orbit of interaction, the endless charge pouring from every dipole in the universe, the constant flow of time independently conveying every atom into the next instant of existence, the organic nature of reality cooperating in a harmony of interactive, transmuting, dynamic truth.

Consider what powers this movement, what generates these energies, what manifests this reality instant to instant, an open system of poetic elegance, open to what? Open to a underlying energy exchange, a manifold, the 'A' field, the ether, whatever you wish to call it.

The conventional scientific community have worked hard to deny this open energy system, they maintain lies that have been disproved by true science, special relativity, the laws of thermodynamics, almost all of the deceptions of Einstein (who views Newtonian gravity (a lie in itself), as the driving force of creation, an absurd idea) lie upon lie, and to maintain these lies they cover the confusion of these misrepresentation with even more elaborate lies. Einstein presents gravity as all powerful, sighting it as the force that distorts time, so they contend, the mass of the Sun is the reason time is slowed as any object or energy passes close to its surface, when the reason has nothing to do with mass or gravity at all. Time is the energetic medium of energy interaction, the more energy that is extracted from the virtual energy manifold, or time field, into the physical or observable universe, the less energy exists in the local area of time, from which the extraction has taken place, the Sun extracts vast, vast amounts of time energy, this slows time within this interactive environment, and so slows light as it passes through this localised time drain.

Three dimensional space is a reality generated from the time manifold itself, the manner of the generation of this physical space, means it will constantly expand this three dimensional universe, at an ever accelerating rate. As every event, no matter how insignificant, is permanently stored within the electromagnetic field of the time manifold as quantum bits of information, these quibits of energy form braid like structures possessing length and width which twist together, forming a helix information store, within the time manifold and expand the volume of the physical universe. This means the older the universe the greater its volume, being an ever greater amount of stored time events, as space expands it has more space to create events in time, this generates the acceleration.

The mass of the universe works in a similar way; this is quibits of energy (information) within three-dimensional space, which twist together, as a helix, to form particles, clockwise or anti-clockwise along their length to produce positive or negative charge. So the time manifold is a natural trans-quantum/virtual computer that uses inconceivable amounts of information to generate physical reality.

The emitted light, being a helix virtual carrier wave and its physical wake, is absorbed by the nearby positive charge of mass, say, the planet earth for example, and re-transduced into time-energy (virtual), and re-emitted back to the time manifold. This ongoing energy circulation is an example of a scalar potential, both being and doing, at every spatial point of itself, inducing vacuum polarisation (an example of polarisation would be opposite poles of a magnetic field. Being opposite physical characteristics in a system: the condition, in a system, of having opposite characteristics at different points, especially with respect to electric charge or magnetic properties).

There exist continual multi layered communication between particles which takes place in the time manifold and becomes apparent within the physical universe, this fluidic ether holds this three dimensional universe, which holds all the particles of this physical reality. Matter depend on knowledge, it needs a cosmological clock provided by the frequency of the electron waves, the waves also perform the role of communicating in addition to time, length and mass.

Every particle communicates its wave state with all other matter, so that energy exchange and the laws of physics are properties of the entire matter ensemble. The behaviour of matter arises from itself. Every element of this existence are interdependent, just as each cell of the human body is interdependent on every other cell, just as each element of an eco system is interdependent on every other element, a recurring pattern of nature.

There are two real and coexistent realities participating in the physical behaviour of matter. We see one reality as our familiar 3D environment, governed by the natural laws. The second reality is composed of energy so densely compressed it boggles the mind, this fluidic energy mass of unseen quantum waves, which form the structure of the fundamental particles: electrons, protons, and neutrons, and also three dimensional space, and action; in truth, everything, emanates from the time manifold, as a function of circular time and the single transfinite consciousness of the overarching dichotomy.

We cannot observe these virtual waves although they fill the apparently empty space around us. We only know of their existence when two particles change their quantized wave states (energy levels) in concert. For example, one particle in a star and the other in the retina of our eye. This exchange we call 'light'.

A manifestation of this same phenomenon can be observed when a particle is divided, if you heat one half of the split particle, no matter the distance, the other part will react in the same way as the heated part, as they are a single quantized time mass state, both halves vibrate instantaneously, even if you separated them to the opposite sides of the universe; the connection functions similarly to the helix carrier wave , no distance exist within the manifold, all knowledge is connected, so a helix carrier wave that reaches the retina from the other side of the universe exchanges instantaneously. When understood it becomes clear, we exist in an illusion of the perception of the real, generated from the manifest real, that always remains hidden to our perception.

The energy of existence in all its many patterns and forms is of a single source, a conscious and infinite fountain of knowledge and imagination, without limit or constraint, as the understanding you have read expresses, only this conscious energy exists, nothing else, it guides and controls its energies, seemingly without effort.

It must be understood exactly what all energies are, time, mass, space, plasma, light, life, thought, every known or unknown form of energy ever conceived, they are all information, grains of information that interact, transmute, expand, constrict, but always build upon themselves, expanding out in all realities. These energies all follow simple underlying constraints, firstly they are all based on pure dichotomies, and the very nature of realities are always what lies between, secondly energy is in a state of evolution, its constitution needs to ultimately transubstantiate into ever more complex forms of information, thirdly all knowledge is connected, a single ocean of unity.

This conscious energy is the concept and reality of Allah without reservation, beyond the manifold of time exists an additional seven dimensional realities, each a magnitude of infinities, existing outside of the time manifold, beyond that more exists as the energy created all this of itself, but Allah exists as infinite, limitless and unbounded, the adventure of existence is just beginning.

Additional Reading On The Home Page:

Transfinite Consciousness

SUPREME EXISTENCE

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