Addressing the extent of life’s quantumness presupposes an answer to the equally fraught question, “What is life?”, which became the essential focus of Erwin Schrödinger’s 1943 Trinity College lectures. New science from quantum optics is pointing to how the “unsurveyably intricate” architectures of life—as Schrödinger observed—harness ordered collections of photoexcited molecular qubits in proteins for exquisite information processing, above thermal noise, which Schrödinger had not anticipated. Answering how these photons shape the processes of life, and its sentient behaviors, requires a journey from life’s origins in light, to the quantum union of light and biomatter in the evolving cosmos. As these vast interconnected webs of information flowing through life point to shadows of the mind, they will return us to ancient cosmologies and the role of the observer in quantum measurement.
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