How quantum are life and conscious minds? Physics and computation impose strict limits on what any algorithm can predict or prove, yet living systems-and perhaps consciousness itself-seem to surpass them. We propose a rigorous way to test this through the Quantum Advantage Index, comparing quantum-based and classical models under identical resource budgets, and the External Truth Predicate, which judges models solely by predictive success, echoing Gödel’s idea of truth beyond formal systems. Together, they offer the first falsifiable framework to map where, and by how much, quantum physics gives life and conscious minds a demonstrable advantage.
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