Edwin,

Thanks for your thoughtful response. I see now from your note and looking at the essay once more that the gravitational field is the primordial field. At first I was thinking your ideas were very close to my own but now I see they are fairly different. The similarities must come because we are all looking at the same features in nature with different approaches.

Thanks also for describing the units. I see how the math is used to emphasize the points.

Overall a very interesting essay to make me think and ponder.

Kind Regards, Russell Jurgensen

Chris,

I've looked at your paper and you do a great job of showing up the absurdities currently implied by quantum mechanics. I especially liked your examination of "where does the charge go?" and "where does the mass go?" when the electron is in its 'unphysical' state before being measured.

Having just re-read John Bell' 1990 paper "Against 'Measurement'" where he finds various QM authorities in conflict with each other and appears to want to 'bring back' the deBroglie-Bohm 'pilot wave' by searching for a way to stop the 'spreading' of the electron wave-function, I am once again struck by the fact that so many on this site are so sure about quantum mechanics, despite Feynman's contention that no one understands it and despite Bell's clear confusion about fundamental issues.

You mention EPR and Bell and note that Bell's inequality has "since been put to the test many times." If you have not yet had a chance to read Joy Christian's work here, you might wish to do so. If Bell's inequality was wrongly calculated [as I believe] then all of the so-called 'violations' of the inequality mean absolutely nothing!

Then you ask the fascinating question, "Is there any explanation why a photon and an electron will produce the same pattern in a double slit experiment?" Excellent question! The explanation is shown on page 6 of my essay where the C-field circulation induced by the 'particle' momentum "looks the same" for both photons and electrons, and it is the C-field that interacts with the mass surrounding the slits. Note that the C-field does not 'carry' the particle, like the Bohm 'quantum potential'. The relation between the C-field wave circulation and the momentum of the particle is Lenz-law-like as described in my essay. If one changes, the other changes.

By the way, I also loved your question about identity while 'spread out'. Why doesn't the 'disappeared' electron re-appear as a muon? [The cheeseburger is not realistic.] I'll fore-go my comments on the Many Worlds Interpretation, so as to avoid irritating the believers.

Finally, I am looking at the wave-function (also on page 6 in my essay) and trying to determine how to achieve Bell's goal of 'stopping the spreading'. It seems that this is the case when the C-field equation is taken into account, but I need to convince myself first.

So thank you for reading my essay (it may make more sense the next time) and thanks for writing an excellent essay yourself. Good luck in the contest.

Edwin Eugene Klingman

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  • Post #192

Hello Edwin,

I have been re-reading your post to me under my essay concerning the C-field. I decided to continue that conversation under your essay posts.

You write,

"As for the C-field, Maxwell first noted that if mass replaced charge, and gravity replaced the electric field, then Coulomb's law and Newton's law are identical. He decided, based on this symmetry, to use G and mass in place of E and charge in all of Maxwell's equations. But since there is an (electro-)magnetic field, he needed an analogous (gravito-)magnetic field to complete the equations. The C-field is my name for what Maxwell and others refer to simply as the gravito-magnetic field. It has nothing to do with the magnetic field, it is the gravity analog thereof."

O.K. So now I know what you mean by C-field. To tell the truth, I am still having trouble understanding the electro-magnetic field in 'physical terms' (which has been my aim in physics). We know that Maxwell's Eqs. mathematically describe ('model') the behavior of electromagnetism. But as I stated in my previous posts, 'description' is not the same as 'explanation'. What physically is electromagnetism and what is the physical explanation between electric current and magnetic fields and visa versa? How does one physically derive from the other?

Because I have no answers to these questions, discussions on mass and charge and gravity are missing in my essay . What I seek to avoid is 'more math' with 'no physics'. And who would know that better than someone 'outside of the faith'!

We agree that physical space cannot be 'empty' (a self-contradiction!). You fill space with the C-field while in my essay I fill space with the quantity 'eta'. Since space is filled by 'space', regardless of what we say, could it be the two are connected? If so, than you are in a better position to make that connection.

You also write,

"... the laws[of the universe] must evolve from the universe itself. "

Yes, we may agree on that point! But 'how' do these laws evolve from the universe? Through some mathematical equation that aims to 'describe' that universe? That would imply perhaps fixed and eternal and unchangeable laws. If so, than we differ. I can't go that far in my faith on Man to know such mysteries of 'what is'. The best and only think we can have is to know our 'measurements' of 'what is'. What I mean when I say that 'measurement' if the essence of Physics.

Constantinos

    Constantinos,

    You are not alone in trying to understand "the electro-magnetic field in physical terms". And I agree that 'description' is not the same as 'explanation'.

    What I believe and what you may believe is that 'intuition' is the final arbiter in physics. There are very many who do NOT believe this. They probably began with Bohr, and certainly are carrying on this belief with 'non-locality' and non-reality. There seems to me little chance that the two sides will come together on this point. In that sense, physics is like a horse race; 'you pays yer money and you takes yer choice'.

    You ask an excellent question: "What physically is electromagnetism and what is the physical explanation between electric current and magnetic fields and vice versa? How does one physically derive from the other?"

    I find little problem intuitively understanding this is terms of 'fluid' concepts, and my model predicted a 'perfect fluid' at the RHIC and at LHC when ions are collided at ultra-high energies. I suspect this fluid is a continuum, despite the fact that our 'earthly' fluids, like water, can be viewed as discrete. So, at the moment, most of my conception is based on concepts of 'fluid flow', and Maxwell's equations, including the C-field equation, are best understood in terms of fluid fields. And the key concept for the C-field is 'vortex flow' with a Yang-Mills self-interaction and Chern class zero connectivity.

    In this regard, I view space as 'filled' with (fluid-like) a gravito-electric field (gravity, G) and its corresponding gravito-magnetic aspect (the C-field) and, as I derive in my essay, there seems to be a basic 'condition' or 'constraint' that is required to have either the equations or the physical interpretations make sense, and this is that Planck's constant of "action" be physically "real" in some sense. That is one reason that I like your 'accumulation of energy' approach, although you seem to view it as strictly mathematical, I view it as a real threshold below which no transitions occur. What you think of as 'eta' I view as the gravitic field with its radial and rotational properties, subject to the constraints implied by h-bar.

    As for your last paragraph, that is what both of my essays concern. It was hard to squeeze them into 20 pages and impossible to squeeze into one paragraph.

    Thanks for your comment and good luck in the contest,

    Edwin Eugene Klingman

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    • Post #194

    Dear Edwin,

    I am sorry for not commenting on your essay sooner. It was amongst the very first that I have read, and I have read more than I have commented upon. I wanted to carefully re read it to understand as much as I could.

    I think you make some really excellent points at the very outset. The first is that everything should be made as simple as possible. You have demonstrated in one of your comments in the thread how very few assumption are required to produce the observed physics with this model.That has to be important. It is a very striking comparison with Verlinde's list. (Not sure he'd be happy about that.) Why have a highly complex explanation when a simpler one explains the evidence just as well? Perhaps because having constructed a mathematical monstrosity it is hard to walk away from it and start on a new fresh path.I consider you a brave pioneer. I appreciate that it is not easy for qualified and highly experienced physicist to walk against the tide.

    You also point out that physics should not be attributed to causes outside of space and time. We have both argued for this in our own way. A very, very important point in my opinion.I can see a real split between those that want metaphysical explanations and those that want realism.The discussion of the map not being the territory is also important. I liked the list of particles that are mathematically shown to exist but have not been "seen". The quote by Godwin was good too. I had not heard it before but it is well said.

    I also think it was good to answer a selection of questions posed by FQXi. It shows you are keeping it real and foundational and relevant. I have not seen that done elsewhere but there are now more essays than I can possibly read.

    Though you do explain the C-field in the essay , your explanation of the c-field given to Constantinos is helpful. Edwin I can't comment on the mathematics. You know more than me and since there has been no negative feedback on the mathematics itself only the theoretical reasons for using it I assume it is well done. I agree that the bosons are most likely not particles as such but manifestations of what is occurring in the (very possibly continuous) medium or as you like to think field.I like the way you have made a neutino. It is neat but like Constantinos I will have to sit on the fence and say just because it is neat and simple it is not necessarily so...but it could be.

    I think because you are talking about a single field as cause and I am talking about a single medium, we are referring to the same thing. So this is another overlap in our thinking.In space-time "received reality" as you say, fields are experienced but in foundational reality it will not be just the effect but the cause that is present. In space-time a medium is not necessary as fields can be used instead and as the medium is inert and undetectable it does not form a part of that space-time reality...but there has to be a reason for the field.

    Constantinos asks about the magnetic field.I have thought it might be the alignment of many electrons that causes the magnetic effect. Perhaps it is the orientation of electron spin in a magnet or travel along a wire that is able to set up a disturbance (of a medium) experienced as a field which is then able to disturb materials containing free electrons with same or different spin. Perhaps that is naive, but there does currently seem to be a lack of scientific explanation. We just have no way of seeing what is there.

    It is clearly written,enjoyable for both specialists and non specialists, and the diagrams are a nice addition.I really hope you get lots of interested and open minded readers. You have clearly said a lot of things that need saying and will hopefully be influential in the development of a new realism in physics.

      Georgina,

      You have no idea how happy your comments make me. Having read your ideas for years and seen your understanding develop in more cogent form, I am much impressed with your understanding, as reflected in your essay, and even more so because you achieve this without math. In fact, that is why I am so pleased that you find my theory reasonable, even though you cannot judge the math. I trust your 'intuition' much more than I trust the highly specialized mathematics that have been applied to what really amounts to very small aspects and domains of reality. Or conversely, to Multiverses, extra dimensions, and other imagined domains that have no reality at all, in the sense of observation or prediction.

      As I mentioned above, re-reading Bell's paper convinces me that he, like Feynman, did not claim to understand quantum mechanics. For this reason, I find it hard to digest that today's 'experts' understand quantum mechanics well enough to forsake local realism in terms of mystical concepts, which lead into stranger and stranger ideas of reality. You will not get much out of Joy Christian's work, which is highly mathematical, but you should understand that he claims Bell made a mistake in deriving his 'inequality' and therefore all of the wild claims, based on 'violation' of such, are baseless. I believe this to be true.

      So, thank you for making the effort [and I know it was an effort] to read and come to some judgment of my essay. I value your opinion highly.

      Edwin Eugene Klingman

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      • Post #196

      Edwin,

      Thank you for your kind words on my essay. I just found out about Joy Christian's paper through reading your thread yesterday. I will try to read it over the next couple of days. I will also think about your C-field propagation mechanism relating to electrons and photons alike. With regard to page 5 of your essay: Could we say that the G-field is a variation or manifestation of the C-field? I ask because you suggest the commonality of each field experiencing a curvature, as well as relating electrons and quarks as a limit for one, and a black hole (also made of electrons and quarks) as a limit for the other. So are the fields curving while space is curving too, or not necessarily? Or do these fields for all practical purposes represent space?

      I also share your concern about cheeseburgers spontaneously appearing, although I have a friend who can make several disappear in less than a minute.

      Good luck to you as well!

      Chris

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        • Post #197

        Edwin,

        Your last post clarifies a lot. We may have more agreement here than I previously thought. And what disagreements there may be could also be cleared up with further discussion.

        You write,

        " ... the physical interpretations [to] make sense, ... is that Planck's constant of "action" be physically "real" in some sense. That is one reason that I like your 'accumulation of energy' approach, although you seem to view it as strictly mathematical, I view it as a real threshold below which no transitions occur."

        Though you are right that most all of my results can be thought of as purely mathematical with physical adaptations, the one quantity that ties all this to the physical world is the 'prime physis quantity eta'. This quantity is left 'undefined and undefinable'. But it really can be considered to be the 'what is'! I don't believe that we can 'know' what this is. Being fundamental, it seems logical that it should be undefinable by any more fundamental concepts.

        But this quantity 'eta' can be characterized by what is more familiar to us -- like energy and momentum. Something like describing a 'point' by its properties that 'two straight lines intersect at one point', etc. And so it is with 'eta'. It is both 'accumulation of energy' as well as 'action'. That is, it is the 'time-integral of energy' but also the 'space-integral of momentum'. Interestingly, this formulation (as I present briefly in my essay ) may perhaps combine both Hamiltonian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics. At least it feels so in my non-physicist intuition on this. And Planck's constant h is just such a quantity 'eta'. But whereas h is constant, the quantity 'eta' is a variable. It may be possible that when 'eta' is given to be a specific function of 'space and time', than we may be able to get more physics out of this - including the C-field you use. This may get us all the physics that I leave out in my essay (including gravity and charge and mass).

        Furthermore, Edwin, the only condition that I apply in my essay that can be considered an 'imposition by physics', is the idea of 'equilibrium' that is needed to make the unmanifested 'accumulation of energy' manifested! This is the same as what you say about needing h, this being the minimum accumulation of energy that can be manifested. This condition of 'equilibrium' makes the 'quantity eta' real. In fact I view it as 'filling physical space'. I also argue in my essay that 'eta' is the 'wavefunction'! Giving this rather curious concept physical reality that currently it lacks! I think we are in more agreement than either of us may realize!

        You may be interested to know that Hayrani Oz, Prof. of Aerospace Engineering at Ohio State University, and coauthor with me of a chapter in a book on Thermodynamics out this July, has been using similar ideas very successfully for many years in his work and teaching. The quantity 'eta' (time integral of energy) he calls 'enerxaction'. If you wish I can put you in touch with him. Engineers and PhD students I find are much more accepting of this approach than established professional physicists.

        Thank you for your good wishes for the contest! But the only motivation that compelled me to enter this contest is the exposure that this gives to my ideas and the possibility that these may be considered by the 'panel of experts' - if my essay ever gets to that final round.

        Constantinos

        Chris,

        You said it well: these fields, for all practical purposes, represent space (by 'filling' space.) The G- and C-fields are related as follows:

        The C-field is the 'circulational' aspect of the gravitational field in an analogous way to the magnetic field being the circulational aspect of the electric field.

        Maxwell conjectured that by replacing charge by mass and E-field by G-field that all of Maxwell's equations for electro-magnetic fields would have similar equations for the 'gravito-magnetic' fields. Maxwell first pointed out that fields have energy. What he did not understand, being 50 years before Einstein's E=mc^2, is that fields therefore have equivalent mass, and therefore the gravito-magnetic fields (G and C) will interact with themselves, which is what Yang and Mills described in 1954. This self-interaction leads to properties that the electro-magnetic fields (which act on charge, but are themselves uncharged) do not have.

        Today it is known that the C-field exists, but the strength of the field is at question. Everyone, for reasons of symmetry, I think, assumed that the C-field has roughly the same strength as gravity, but Tajmar has measured 31 orders of magnitude stronger. That matches my calculations based on what I considered reasonable assumptions.

        The name 'gravito-magnetic' is both a blessing and a curse. Those who have a good intuitive feel for electro-magnetic field behaviors, can immediately understand many aspects of the C-field behavior. But it also tends to confuse others because the C-field is completely and absolutely distinct from magnetic fields. I don't know how to avoid this double edged sword, except through this and similar remarks.

        In the same way that the existence of charge gives rise to an electric field E, the existence of mass gives rise to a gravity field G. Furthermore, it is the motion of charge that gives rise to the magnetic field B, and analogously the motion of mass that gives rise to the C-field. In this sense E and G may be considered 'primary' fields and B and C as 'derived' or 'secondary' fields.

        You pose an excellent question about curvature. Instead of repeating an above comment, I will refer you to my comment above made on Feb. 13, 2011 @ 20:13 GMT

        As for Joy Christian's work, his math is beyond most of us, but it makes sense to me. And if he is correct, the consequences are absolutely major for physics, since all of the so-called 'violations' of Bell's inequality would mean nothing.

        And finally, if you know someone who can make the cheeseburgers 'disappear' then logic seems to demand that they can 'appear'. Wow!

        Edwin Eugene Klingman

        Constantinos,

        I'm glad that you are seeing some connections. Although there seem to be a few here who imagine a purely mathematical world with no 'substance', I cannot find any way to make sense of that view.

        You seem to realize this: "the one quantity that ties all this to the physical world is the 'prime physis quantity eta'. This quantity is left 'undefined and undefinable'. But it really can be considered to be the 'what is'! I don't believe that we can 'know' what this is."

        I agree that we can't know, and that is why, in my previous fqxi essay I pointed out that although current theories are based on physics abstractions such as: Gravity, String theories, Electro-magnetics, Quantum field theories, Strong and weak forces, Dark matter and energy, Extra dimensions, Extra universes, and Consciousness, only two of these are immediately sensible and directly experienced by humans: gravity and consciousness [and a small segment of the electro-magnetic spectrum].

        So I prefer to base my theories upon what I directly experience, rather than what others have imagined, and abstractly represented. That is why I choose gravity as key, and why [I believe] I am able to derive all known physics from it.

        Edwin Eugene Klingman

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        • Post #200

        Hello dear Edwin,

        Thank you very much for this friendship.It is cool. It's fascinating, I have some ideas of superimposings. You make me crazzy, it's fascinating in fact if the rational logic is inserted with sortings and synchros.

        Ps I become crazzy, I see evrywher people which copy my theory, on linkedin, and this and that....I become totally parano.I take my meds but I am totally parano dear Edwin,my health is bad at this moment.Thus don't attach importance to some of my posts sometimes.

        ps2 I beleive indeed that the biological mass are different than mineral mass.They are composed by the same essence but they are as tools.the biology is more as a catyzer of evolution.....

        Friendly

        Steve

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        • Post #201

        hihihi indeed after rereading and without parano, I agree it's a good idea about Bell's violations, after all the determinism is so so essential.It is the sister of our realism.The newtonian fractalization is rational and finite.But of course we are far of walls.

        Regards

        Steve

        Jason,

        In my previous fqxi essay on what's ultimately possible in physics, I began by rejecting abstract theories in favor of 'fields' that I could directly and immediately sense, [eliminating strings, extra dimensions, extra universes, dark energy and matter, etc.]. These boiled down to gravity and consciousness. After showing how these could be used as a basis of physics that produced all known particles and explained many other facts and mysteries, I ended by saying that we would never understand gravity or consciousness. I still feel that way, so I don't really expect to understand gravity. It's the 'basic assumption' or starting point for my physics.

        Edwin Eugene Klingman

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        • Post #203

        Dear Robert,

        I do not refer to a 'primordial field.' I don't have a problem with 'primordial' but rather with 'field'. Every time I have seen the word 'field' used it has been in support of one of many mechanical theories about the nature of the universe. Since it is certain that no mechanical viewpoint can ever define the properties of this universe, my point is that only when the word 'field' is replaced by 'intelligent cause' will theoretical physics move beyond pretending that predicting future changes of velocity explain a universe that gave birth to intelligent life.

        James

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        • Post #204

        Steve,

        There is a great difference between your 'good' posts and your 'bad' posts. I do not take your 'bad' posts seriously. I do suggest that you try to formulate some threshold or test to ask your self, "Is this one of my good posts or bad posts?" before proceeding.

        Most of us have a little wine, or something, and try not to post after a few glasses.

        Anyway, everyone wishes you well. Many people are under a lot of stress these days.

        Edwin Eugene Klingman

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        • Post #205

        Indeed, but my bad posts are sometimes correct about the potential of my discovery. I have already lost all Edwin, Always I am nice, always I give all, and me of course I am without nothing.You are understanding that you.But it is not important, I know who I am and know how my heart is.

        HIHII after wine and marijuana ahahah indeed it's more difficult.hihihih miore my meds hihihii you imagine.But it's the life I come from a very small house in a kind of social town,indeed my parents have had very difficult.I pass my young age in the street dear Edwin , alittle as your streets in New york.

        I have an idea, we are going to create this sciences center and of course as that we shall help together....it's the complementarity above the vanity implying individualism.

        Ps I have an ask how can you say it's a bad post if you don't read it??? hihhi thus conclusion and I am happy you read all my posts, I am honored,and I say that sincerely.hihihi but you are right, I am too much parano, it's due to my bankrupcy in hroticulture and vegetal multiplication.You know Edwin here people causes my lost.I have lost even 12000 vegetals in 1 day due to cold.I Formed people and it was very difficult,even at this momment also.But it's the life, I am stronger, more tired, but stronger.More parano also.It's logic when always people aren't good with you.But as says

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        • Post #206

        as says Rousseau the man borns good and it is the society which corrupts him unfortunally but the essence is the good , the well ....it's the sister of hopes...and the brother of the compassion love.

        You c field is thus relevant considering the main central spherical volume.

        Have you seen the ideas of Dr Corda, what do you think about the first wave.

        Best Regards

        Thanks for this sincerity,it's essential.

        Steve

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        • Post #207

        if you want I know very well the biology and the mineralogy.I am transparent.If you want superimppose....indeed the binar code are humans and the biology is more than that.The 2d is also a human application if we consider our semi conductors.But if we go more far and if we insert the rotating spherical volumes wawww the polarity of evolution with its sortings and synchro are relevant.

        Regards

        Steve

        Edwin

        I found myself commenting to the head of an eminent institution recently that the kind of thinking Architecture teaches is that foundations can be an invisible box.

        Anyone trying to think 'outside of the box' must first find what and where it's boundaries are and study why they are there, how they were built, and how new knowledge might allow improvement.

        If Sir Christopher Wren was given a set of 100 year old foundations to build Saint Paul's, he'd have only been able to come up with some fancy new patches on a 100 year old architecture.

        We can't build anything without solid foundations, but foundation design evolves like anything else. We need them to commence construction not to restrict design. I work with the engineer who moves bridges and lighthouses on roller skates, but only when it proves to be the right answer.

        Human nature ensures that many in science don't see the invisible box of foundations, or feel insecure without them. It's probably good that some have those instincts, as it's good some cosmology seems to need no link with nature at all.

        But what I believe you and I are doing is carefully considering the foundations in context of the overall architecture of nature. I believe we are correct. The point Tom made about non locality is likely to be true if using the foundations Tom finds it essential to live with, but they will never produce St Pauls, and probably won't help us better understand the other 999 thousandths "..of 1% of what nature has revealed to us" (AE), because it obscures observation of the 3rd way to reality, the solution lying one conceptual level up from simply local or absolute.

        I'm impressed how many here are now realising there can be local reality, and your essay is a catalyst, for which it earns my own top mark. I hopefully help by exposing the compatibility with empirical evidence, Georgina by reminding all of the difference between what is real and apparent, and others of other aspects. I feel this is the green shoot of science finally regenerating, but it is up to us to nurture it among the mature complexity of the established undergrowth.

        The competition results will be interesting, and could aid a spring flourish, but I doubt even a foundational physics site will prove happy facing new foundations! Let's not let it die whatever.

        Peter

          Peter,

          Your comments on foundations do apply to architecture and to physics. I've only read about 2/3 of the essays, but I'm impressed by the variety of approaches to math and physics, and encouraged by the number of essays based on realism. I'm becoming increasingly convinced that non-realism and non-locality is a self-defeating proposition, doomed to mystical, never-provable theories, based on math that has been inherently 'incomplete' since Godel.

          As Jason pointed out above, one can theorize in 'other worldly realms' (Multiverses, extra dimensions, branes, etc.) with no fear of being falsified. For those who enjoy this game, it can last for a very long time, but it may, in the end, damage science both economically and sociologically, since predictions are few and falsifiablility is missing, and non-local mysticism differs little from religion. In contrast, my theory has predicted no Higgs and no new particles for five years now. All that is necessary to falsify it is to find any of the dozen conjectured particles: axions, SUSY, Higgs, dilatons, inflatons, anyons, instantons, WIMPs , sphalerons, dark matter, etc.

          If Joy Christian is correct, non-locality is nonsense, and even if he's wrong, there are other reasons to doubt current interpretations. So thanks for the boost.

          The other focus, as indicated in my essay, should be on anomalies that we know to exist. Rather than go deeper and deeper into other dimensions and worlds, one should address the places where current theory breaks down. For example, as noted on Ian Durham's thread, QED has significant problems. For years it's been "the most accurate theory", with about 9 place accuracy. But this was based largely on the calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, using the fine structure constant, and then the fine structure constant was updated according to the latest value of the magnetic moment. Any wonder that 60 years of such circular tuning achieved 9 place accuracy?

          The "virtual particles" used in Feynman diagrams provide the best 'fudge factor' one can imagine. They're not measurable, and can be adjusted to make calculations match other measurements. Even 120 orders of magnitude change in vacuum energy (the source of these particles) has no effect! For some classes of problems this has worked well. The Lamb shift of hydrogen yields 5 or 6 place accuracy. But when one "changes" hydrogen, QED suffers badly. Replace the proton by a positron, and QED has only 3 place accuracy. If the electron is replaced by a muon, then QED drops to about one place accuracy--roughly the same as QCD has had for fifty years! So our vaunted 'Quantum Dynamics' can't stray far from 'preferred' areas of application without severe problems.

          My theory at least qualitatively explains these [and other] anomalies, and it seems that a number of essays here provide some support for my theory, and vice versa. And I do propose physics experiments to address the analog/digital question.

          I hope you're correct that "this is the green shoot of science finally regenerating, but it is up to us to nurture it among the mature complexity of the established undergrowth." Thanks to fqxi for supporting this enterprise.

          Edwin Eugene Klingman