[deleted]
Dear Sir,
The opinions of Dr. Cosmic Ray is very interesting - specifically: "Apply a little bit of Philosophy to "Natural Philosophy" (Physics)." So we reply from that perspective.
What is dimension? How is it different from direction? Can there be angles involving more than 360 degrees? These questions must be precisely and scientifically answered before we proceed further.
Dimension is the cause for differentiation between or different perception of internal and external structures of all objects. Whatever is confined by the dimension are internal and anything beyond it is external to the object. It has nothing to do with position, which is related to external objects only. An object can be placed anywhere with reference to another object, but it does not affect its dimension, as long as the structure is preserved. This is the reason why the term is applicable only to fixed structure objects, i.e., solids.
Direction is related to the interval and the order of arrangement of both external objects and internal components. The interval between two objects may not describe the true position or the order of arrangement an object with reference to another, as there are innumerable ways of arranging two objects with a fixed interval. The spatial interval between two objects may not be their true interval like on a geodesic. This necessitates the use of direction or sequentially differentiated spatial coordinates.
Besides the order of arrangement, the different forces act differently on objects. For example, the strong force always confines or contracts, i.e., moves from the boundary to the center of mass. The electromagnetic force always stretches, i.e., moves from higher concentration to lower concentration, i.e., from center to periphery. The weak force always permits the particles to "slide" over to couple with another. The radioactive disintegration always increases the distance between original objects, i.e., expands. Since the forces are perceptible only from the effect of their interaction with objects, by watching their direction of motion, we can determine their nature.
The space around us has been divided into 360 segments, which is the whole number mean between the solar year in days (366) and lunar year in days (354). Thus, the circle is said to have 360 degrees, which points to specific directions and its infinite projections in a discrete manner. Thus, there cannot be more than 360 degrees. What is meant by say 1080 degrees is that the particle moves thrice in circles that are not closed, but spirals. But then this is a wrong description, because the idea was derived from the motion of Earth around Sun, which is actually circular, but since the center (Sun) is moving, appears elliptical, though the ellipse is actually not closing on itself, but spirals. Since in the case of the Earth we do not use higher than 360 degrees, there is no reason to impose these unnatural descriptions in physics.
The Kaluza-Klein compactification and other "theories" relating to extra-dimensions are only figments of imagination. The term dimension is applied to solids that have fixed spread in a given direction based on their internal arrangement independent of external factors. For perception of the spread of the object, the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the object must interact with that of our eyes. Since electric and magnetic fields move perpendicular to each other and both are perpendicular to the direction of motion, we can perceive the spread only in these three directions. Measuring the spread is essentially measuring the space occupied by it. This measurement can be done only with reference to some external frame of reference. For the above reason, we use axes that are perpendicular to each other and term these as x-y-z coordinates (length-breadth-height). These are not absolute terms, but are related to the order of placement of the object in the coordinate system of the field in which the object is placed. Thus, they remain invariant under mutual transformation. If we rotate the object so that x-axis changes to y-axis or z-axis, there is no effect on the structure (spread) of the object. Based on the positive and negative (spreading out and contracting in) directions from the origin, these describe six unique positions (x,0,0), (-x,0,0), (0,y,0), (0,-y,0), (0,0,z), (0,0,-z), that remain invariant under mutual transformation. Besides these, there are four more unique positions, namely (x, y), (-x, y), (-x, -y) and (x, -y) where x = y for any value of x and y, which also remain invariant under mutual transformation. These are the ten dimensions and not the so-called mathematical structures.
Randall-Sundrum "braneworld" hypothesis in which the observable universe is housed within a three-dimensional membrane, or brane, that is itself floating in a warped, higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, called the bulk is only figments of imagination without any tangible proof to support these views. The same is true for holons. Data from LHC has proved super-symmetric and brane-world models are wrong. It is high time scientists come out of the mania of chasing a mirage and start re-writing a new physics based on the data available at present. We have an alternate model derived from fundamental principles by which we can explain the "creation event" to evolution of forces to structure formation and evolution.
Regards,
basudeba