• [deleted]

Could you please address if you think that particles, of any shape or form could survive a big bang/ big bounce or what have you ?

I.e. could a graviton survive a transition from a prior to the present universe?

    Dear Christian,

    If in a cloud of hydrogen gas or plasma, particles behave in such a manner that they always feel an equally strong force from all directions, if the force on a particle from one direction, from its own cloud can only increase as it increases as much from the opposite direction, from neighboring clouds, then such clouds can only contract in concert. The energy exchange between the particles within the cloud then increases as much as their exchange with particles of neighboring clouds. The energy of the particles increases, the frequency they oscillate at, alternately borrow and lend energy from and to each other, so the cloud heats up as it contracts to a star. Whereas before their contraction, the position of the mass center of the clouds wasn't very well defined so gravity from any cloud was very weak, the position of their mass centers, their distance becomes less indefinite as they contract. Though this increased mass should lead to an increased gravity, the contraction also increases the gravitational field, its gradient. So if a gravitational field is an area of contracted spacetime, then the distance between the stars in statu nascendi as measured within their gravitational field increases as they contract. However, since their distance as measured outside their field, as calculated from their positions with respect to surrounding stars doesn't change very much, gravity from these stars in statu nascendi seems to decrease, so we assume that stars burn their mass, loose mass even if we ignore things like solar flares.

    In a self-creating universe, however, the energy of the particles increases (agreeing with the uncertainty principle) as they contract, so the mass of the stars should increase as well, which it does. As a greater mass, a stronger gravity from the stars is counteracted by an increased distance as measured within their field, we erroneously assume their mass to decrease as they contract since we can only measure, calculate their distance from their positions with respect to more distant stars. It is the continuous energy exchange between the particles, combined with the fact that an energy increase tends to conserve itself in time (unlike a decrease), which powers this combined contraction and expansion. The greater the mass of an object, the greater its part in the creation process is, the stronger its (weak) gravity is. Like stars, galaxies only can contract in concert: as the energy of the galaxies increases as they contract to cluster, at the same time expanding spacetime between the clusters, we say that the universe expands.

    This expansion mechanism differs fundamentally from the Big Bang tale according to which the motion of the clusters originates in an explosion, to be slowed down in time by gravity. When this was not observed, when instead, clusters proved to accelerate away from each other, a new theory had to be invented to repair another fatal flaw of the bang hypothesis: dark energy. You see that this nonsense isn't necessary in a self-creating universe which automatically produces the observed homogeneity and isotropy we see, the expansion of which obviously cannot decelerate.

    The price we pay for believing in the naïve, religious view on the universe the bigbang tale represents is very high as it affirms our classical, false notion that particles only are the source of their interactions. By clinging to the bigbang tale, to the idea that particle properties are independent from their interactions, we make them incomprehensible. The result is that we condemn ourselves to invent unnecessary, nonsensical hypotheses and theories like cosmic inflation, string theory and fictitious (Higgs) particles. Being the product of fundamental misconceptions, intended to solve (or weep under the carpet) the many problems and inconsistencies of the bang tale, such theories and particles are part of the problem, not of its solution. The result is that one contradictory theory breeds the next inconsistent theory to appear consistent itself. As the bigbang scenario cannot explain the homogeneity and isotropy of the universe, it needs an inflation theory to repair this fundamental flaw. This theory, in turn, cannot answer fundamental questions as to its mechanism, who/what determined the time to start the inflation, its rate, and when to stop. I'm sure someone will come up with a theory to 'explain' this, a theory which as it embroiders on a deeply flawed idea, in turn will evoke more questions than it solves, complicating matters even worse. I like to think that my essay offers a way out of the present stalemate.

    Regards, Anton

      Dan,

      your enthusiasm and your believing in your ideas are fundamental for your future scientific career. Remember Einstein's famous sentence: "Imagination is more important than knowledge".

      Cheers,

      Ch.

      Dear Jacek,

      actually, I am not acquainted with Sladkowski. In fact, Sladkowski's approach is based on different hypotheses than mine ones. He works in standard General Relativity, while I extend the theory. On the other hand, he supposes that space-time is only a secondary entity emerging as a result of interactions between physical (matter) fields. My vision is absolutely different. In my approach space-time is the fundamental entity and mass-energy is produced by space-time fluctuations. Surely, I am not so arrogant and presumptuous to claim that I am right and Sladkowski is wrong, but, in my opinion, the correct theory should be the one which will obtain the better consistence with astrophysics observations. Does Sladkowski's approach have a good consistence with astrophysics observations?

      Concerning your question on using my approach to the space-time to make it scale invariant, this depends on what you means with the words "scale invariant". On large scales, the intrinsic space-time curvature is not scale invariant and this is exactly the motivation because I use it in order to attempt to achieve Dark Matter and Dark Energy.

      On the other hand, to understand the feature of an Extended Theory at the Planck scale in a way in which it sees all interactions unified becoming a GUT we need two steps. The first is to understand which is the correct analytical form of the Theory, i.e. which is the exact Lagrangian. The second is to quantize it. Together with collaborators I realized this second point ONLY in the weak field approximation, see pages 8-9 of my Essay.

      Cheers,

      Ch.

      Dear Steve,

      yes, quasars and spherical symmetries could be very important in the model.

      In particular, spherical symmetries could be intimately connected with the intrinsic space-time curvature. I would like to generalize my model in Gen.Rel.Grav.40, 2201-2212 (2008) by finding a spherical wave solution, but the mathematics of spherical waves is much more complicate than the mathematics of plane waves!!

      Cheers,

      Ch.

      Hi Andy,

      nice to meet you in this Essay Contest. I am pleasured to discuss with you on physics after our controversy on the Egyptian Conference.

      The sentence "realization of a consistent gravitational wave astronomy" means that, first of all, we should resolve various astrophysics sources of gravitational waves and discriminate among them. Second we should give a correct physical interpretation of various different signals.

      In other words, detecting gravitational waves should complement observations in the electromagnetic spectrum.

      Cheers,

      Ch.

      Dear Andy,

      the key point of your analysis is that "the digital regime was due to embedding of space time / quantum mechanics within a larger non linear theory". Thus, my question is which is such a non linear theory? Is it standard General Relativity or is it an Extended Theory which takes into account the fact that space-time could be intrinsically curve? You could be right in claiming that it could be done in the pre Planckian regime but we need to understand which is the correct non linear theory before quantizing it!

      Together with collaborators I realized the quantization of Extended Theories and of space-time curvature but ONLY in the weak field approximation and ONLY in an epoch post Planckian regime, i.e. the Inflationary Era, see pages 8-9 of my Essay.

      On the other hand, in principle I agree with t'Hooft's idea of deterministic quantum mechanics, but this will be a successive step with respect to my present analysis.

      Cheers,

      Ch.

      Dear Andy,

      in my opinion particles of any shape or form could survive a big bang/ big bounce only if we find a solution to the Initial Singularity's problem.

      Together with my friend Herman Mosquera Cuesta we recently realized a big bounce model where the Initial Singularity is removed. The paper has been published in Astropart. Phys. 34:587-590, 2011 and it is available in http://arxiv.org/abs/1011.4801

      In models like this I think that gravitons and/or other particles should survive a transition from a prior to the present universe.

      Cheers,

      Ch.

      • [deleted]

      Hi Christian,

      I am persuaded you shall find a way, indeed the spherical waves are complicated considering the evolution furthermore and the varitaions of volumes and mass.The topological 3D becomes esential for all present and local analyzes at my opinion.Relativelly speaking in the 4d space time of course.The volumes of these spheres and spherical systems seem showing the universal road.The gravitation is purelly linked with these volumes also.

      The rotations and their speeds seem a key if we consider also the density and the volumes.The cinetic momment can be seen and the spinals and orbitals motions also.The acceleartion or deceleration more others parameters can be interesting thus .In logic the vel. of rot. are propotional with mass and the volumes.It's logically also proportional with the entropy and the arrow of time. Their volumes, their mass, their rotations.....between 0.1 for z and 7,...in logic we ncan class with the volumes.If the BH are a volumes more important than stars thus for the super groups the volume of the center is more important still.Now if the gravitational lentils permits to differenciate the volumes and the series , that will be very relevant because we could know the volume of the center of our Universe, logically it's not far of 7.5=z Now in logic also the universal volume is proportionally linked and have also a specific oscillating dynamic, unique with 1 expansion and one contraction.The density proportional also with the volumes and mass are thus pertinent in the two senses.And even in the 4 senses if we insert the quantum entangled spheres furthermore.But it's an otehr story dear Christian.hihii

      Best Regards

      Steve

      • [deleted]

      Christian,

      I'm hoping that Einstein is correct (he usually is), since I have much more of the former rather than the latter. I just may have to accept your offer. You seem very cordial, generous, and open to new ideas. IMO, that is a rare combination for someone with your knowledge and status.

      Dan

      • [deleted]

      It might be that spacetime is not fully quantized in a standard sense. Spacetime physics may be quantized by a a series lagrangian of the form

      R α'R_{abcd}R^{abcd} α'^2 O(R^4) ...

      Where the R is a classical background and the string parameter α' give corrections in order of the string tension; similar to O(ħ) as the string tension is due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Of course this is a sticking point for the LQG folks, and this background independence issue is the one big card they hold in their hand.

      However, a full quantum theory of spacetime in the LQG sense runs into trouble by placing lots of degrees of freedom in spacetime, and by corollary a huge entropy. The classical limit of LQG is not physically tenable. So any quantization of spacetime curvature may simply only work as an effective theory, whether that be with orders in string parameter or with LQG Sen connection terms.

      The hyperbolic plane, or the anti de Sitter spacetime, is S-dual to a Thirring fermion field. The horizon limit of an AdS_n spacetime containing a black hole his an AdS_2 ~ H_2. This contains all the conformal machinery of CFT_1, which is the Hartle-Hawking vacuum. The S-dual to the soliton dynamics in H_2 is the Thirring Fermions, which in the interior of the AdS defines the "graviton." The Thirring field has the Lagrangian

      L = {bar-ψ}γ^a∂_aψ g|ψψ|^2

      Where we might think of the graviton as having a substratum of quantized fermions.

      Cheers LC

      Dear LC,

      yes, maybe you are right.

      In any case, I think that the correct Lagrangian, which in my point of view generates the intrinsic space-time, should be the one which obtains the better consistence with astrophysical observations. In that case, the detection of a third polarization of gravitational waves will be the ultimate endorsement for this tapestry.

      Cheers,

      Ch

      Dear Christian

      Thanks for your response on 17th. I've just read your recent preprint, which I'd now like to cite in an update of a recent paper of mine currently in formal review. Some of the bones are in a recent non mathematical preprint here; "Helical CMBR Asymmetry, Pre-Big Bang State, Dark Matter and the Axis of Evil." http://vixra.org/abs/1102.0016

      I believe our work is both complimentary and consistent. You will have seen in the essay (which already over extends for the wordage) that I stop short of the cosmological consequences, but that I'm forced to debunk Eddington's view on diffraction, effectively convicting plasma ions, condensed from the Dark energy field or recycled (and repolarised) by Black Holes, as the culprit for gravitons and curved space time. Page 18 of 19th Feb New Scientist is very interesting.

      A you'll gather from the above title, the logical conclusions agree conceptually with the big bounce, and find some good observational (photographic!!) evidence, but also provide a real, local quantum mechanism for sequential 'multiverses'. SR and GR fall neatly into place with QM. There are a surprising number of other consistent essays here, as well as Dan's I'd initially point you to Edwin Klingman, and see his in my threads. I feel it may be time for 'dissenters', which I believe most will still consider you are, to join up and co-support rather more.

      I wish you luck here and will help with the score your bravery deserves, and hope you may feel the same of my own. One day you must explain the maths to me! do also please view and comment on my quite short preprint. I may not get to your others yet while reading essays!

      Best wishes

      Peter

        Dear Dr. Corda,

        Thanks for your response.You are thinking of which theory,General-Relativity (GR) or Extended Theory of GR (ETGR), stands the test of LISA/LIGO.But for me,it is GR which stands the test if the gravitational wave received is due to gravitational-interaction only.Because it is GR which is designed to explain the gravitational-interaction and it does explain it precisely.If the gravitational wave received confirms ETGR, then the wave sent is as a result of quantum-gravity (QG) effect by a Black-Hole (BH) and hence deviations from GR is to be expected as the metric of GR breaksdown.According to me,all BHs have same intrinsic space-time curvature irrespective of their mass and size (please go to my web-site which I have mentioned in my essay).I think it is the same intrinsic space-time curvature you are talking of in ETGR.According to my view,the arms of all spiral galaxies,which harbour super massive BHs, evolve at the same (constant) angle of nearly 60 degrees in the vicinity of accretion disc and this can be verified from the current data available.From this,the value of Immirzi parameter is also derived.

        Thanking you and best regards

        Sreenath B N.

          • [deleted]

          Dear Christan

          Could you please read comments to my Essay?

          Thank you for advance.

          Yuri

          Dear Anton,

          if you do not agree with the Standard Big-Bang Model and you propose an alternative one, in my opinion your model has to explain two fundamental issues.

          1) The origin of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.

          2) A way to avoid Singularity Theorems.

          Does your model of continuous creation process explain these two issues?

          Best regards,

          Ch.

          Dear Peter,

          which is the journal where you submitted your paper currently in formal review?

          Maybe SR and GR fall neatly into place with QM because Einstein was correct and the Final Theory has to be deterministic and not based on uncertainty...

          I agree that it may be time for 'dissenters', but it is important that physics remains rigorous and consistent with experiments and observations. Yes, I believe most will still consider me a 'dissenter', but I prefer the term 'Deterministic - Einstenian'.

          But I know that there are lots of people within the "mainstream physics" who are changing their positions.

          I am going to read page 18 of 19th Feb New Scientist and also to re-read your interesting Essay.

          Thanks for help me with the score you think I deserves, I will make the same with you.

          Cheers,

          Ch.

          Christian

          Thanks. You should read the essay slowly and ensure you take in the implications at each step, I may have understated them but believe they are quite 'earth shattering'. In fact they prove the postulates and principles, but show Einstein was forced to make a wrong 'stipulation'. A little trimming with Occams razor, and a bit more reshaping to QM, and we seem to have a full and falsifiable Quantum Mechanism with Local Reality to drive unified SR and GR. (and 100% deterministic, but with a natural uncertainty element built in, (which I'll have to explain as it's not included).

          The NS article is the one about 'atoms' which effectively bounce off the fine structure plasma not the surface itself. It tends to support a prediction I've shied away from making publicly, regarding precisely where the internal reflection mechanism happens,; outside not inside the surface!! That now needs an experiment!

          Do you fancy looking over a yet unpublished paper on plasma and refraction? Email the address on the essay if you do, or; peter.jackson53@ymail.com (I'll also let you know which PR journal there).

          Best wishes

          Peter

            • [deleted]

            Christian,

            I cannot help but be drawn to the following comment you gave to Anton:

            [ if you do not agree with the Standard Big-Bang Model and you propose an alternative one, in my opinion your model has to explain two fundamental issues.

            1) The origin of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.

            2) A way to avoid Singularity Theorems.

            Does your model of continuous creation process explain these two issues? ]

            I think my alternative theory has answers for these.

            Also, you might find my own essay very interesting in relation to yours.

            Rafael

              I think that it might be spacetime is quantized only to the 7 loop level. The Calabi-Yau three form induces a Galois cohomology with quotient groups which give loop orders up to 7. There is a moduli for the class of elliptic curves for the qubit system, which leads to multiplicities on the Eisenstein series for string loops. These are the three fold elements 1, 2, 3, which out of 8 dimensions includes the dual to 7, 6 and 5, and self duality gives the 4.

              So the graviton, or the heterotic string will have and E_{7(7)} structure for up to 7 loops, and perturbative theory ends, it is cut off. So the graviton may in fact be a 4-fermion condensate or bound system, which in the N = 4 AdS^5xS^5 has an SU(4) structure. So it may be a bit like an extended QCD theory.

              One possibility is that the third polarization is an effective mass-state which ends perturbation theory.

              Cheers LC