Dear Darrell -
You cleverly point out all the pitfalls and paradoxes of trying to answer foundational questions; of course, evolution itself impels us to carry on ...
My view is that we need to be able to think in physical (less-abstract) terms about these issues, and all our assumptions need to be revisited as well.
The way you point out the malleability of our space-time coordinates is very interesting. I myself describe a cosmic paradigm of correlated energy vortices that include an evolving observer who occupies a 'Composite Zone' (space-time) within which his measurements are most viable. I see a lot of this in your treatment of space, time, gravity, and light.
Another contestant wrote that a thought is a moment that incorporates past, present, and future; I show that since mind, organism, and cosmos are three energy vortices producing their own types of particles - past, present, and future are simply different locations in a system of correlated vortices. The past keeps coming back - while the future is never entirely unexpected. Strange as all this may sound - is it not fundamental to evolution?
The narrow definition of Bit and It in Wheeler's concept needs to be expanded, a view I think is implicit in what you write - and ultimately Bit and It must be described as correlated.
As for the questionable use of mathematics in discovering the cosmos - I ask: is not the historical expansion of mathematics into the field of reality a phenomenon that also precisely describes the evolution of the human mind within that field? In other words, we can't help it - we've got to figure it all out: we've conquered the planet, and now we have to conquer the cosmos .... but we must struggle to bring 'real' concepts back into physics - and as I say, this involves reconsidering all our assumptions.
In conclusion, I agree with you that science moves much more slowly than common wisdom - I believe all discoveries were previously made (and a long time before) by artists, writers, and people living off the land.
Someone told me that my own work is probably centuries ahead of its time ... strangely, I don't think he meant it as a compliment.
It was illuminating to read your essay - I have rated it, of course - and I look forward to your views on my paper.
All the best in the contest,
John