How might uncertainty be related to the inflaton field and string theory? According to Guth, Kaiser, and Nomura, "... the final stage of inflation could plausibly have begun by tunneling from some other metastable state."
Guth, Alan H., David I. Kaiser, and Yasunori Nomura. "Inflationary paradigm after Planck 2013." Physics Letters B 733 (2014): 112-119.
"Inflationary paradigm after Planck 2013", by Guth, Kaiser & Nomura, arXiv preprint
I say that Milgrom is the Kepler of contemporary cosmology -- on the basis of overwhelming empirical evidence. In terms of string theory, it seems to me that there are 2 basic possibilities for explaining MOND: (1) String theory with the finite nature hypothesis implies that Einstein's equivalence principle is slightly wrong, there is an uncertainty principle for graviton spin, and the Riofrio-Sanejouand cosmological model defines the inflaton field. (2) String theory with the infinite nature hypothesis implies that Einstein's equivalence principle is 100% correct (after quantum averaging), gravitons are spin-2 bosons without a graviton uncertainty principle, and gravitons have one or more D-brane charges that somehow allow MOND to be empirically valid (in the non-relativistic approximation).
It seems that quantum field theory has a problem at the Planck scale involving calculations with Feynman diagrams -- my guess is that string theory is the only plausible way to deal with the problem.
According to Stetz, "The finite energy portion of divergent electron-positron pair production diagrams ... should contribute to the mass-energy density of the universe."
"A Very Short Introduction to Quantum Field Theory" by A. W. Stetz, 21 November 2007 (See page 6 of pdf.)