Steve I changed my mind.I will answer your other questions in a normal new posting. The hiding of posts makes the material harder to access for the general reader.. So look at later postings for the answer to your questions. John
Clarification of Physics: A Derivation of a Complete, Computable, Predictive Model of “Our” Multiverse. by John David Crowell
Steve. This is my response to a couple of your postings. . In those postings you mention an "infinite eternal consciousness creating a physicality with coded particles..." and "cold dark matter encoded in nuclei" and the Hamiltonian Ricci flow in considering particles coded and so the codes are inside" . Could those codes and their processing compare to the following aspects of my work? Every progressive stable result in the SSC processing is a combination of 3 components and their overall results: 1. An internal processing that I consider the intelligence of the system 2. An external manifestation- like the sphere of the SSCU- that I consider to be the physical component 3. The SSC connections of the intelligence and physical components. and their combination to produce their "overall" results. Is it possible that your "particles coded and so the codes are inside" are equivalent to the internal intelligence and their SSC connections to the physical manifestations of my work. To me they appear to be (may be) the same things discussed differently. Also, in my posted response to Vladimir Rogozhin, I mention how the c*s to SSC transformation could correspond to the formation of the Hindu Gods that are the Gods of the formation of an eternally cycling ouroboros. Could this same process be the origination of your "eternal consciousness creating a physicality with coded particles, 3D sphere etc. of your work? Just a thought to consider. Your comments? John
John,
Very interesting essay. I rather like the 'self-creation' concept, and the smaller scale C*quanta, and agree there are parallels with my own essay. I didn't get any sort of physical feeling of how and why the 'self-creation' mechanism works. You mention self-replication but what existed before the first event?
On your mention of SR/QM unification I would identify I HAVE shown the adjustments needed to both to achieve that in previous essays. Have you yet identified any process via your schema? I did feel a desire for more detail or supporting evidence of unique elements, but then this is an essay not a scientific paper..
Nice thinking and nicely written. Worth a good score I think.
Very best.
Peter
Respected Dr. John David Crowell,
Thank you very much for all your wonderful explanation and offer for collaboration.
Though I am not brilliant or young(now I am 66), but i am hardworking . I like physics and working on it for the last 40 years or so. I think we can do this project well, and get some results, I can work with computers and simulations, and develop new mathematics. No problems....
I also like to vortexes and further creation of matter after some sub automic particles are formed by frequency upshift.
If the center of vortex is not blackhole, but is highly dense matter so it is not Blackhole. Similarly I dont think we require dark matter.
You can contact me by mail also even after the contest is over.
Best regards
=snp
Hello Professor Crowell,
It can converge indeed considering the informations like codes and so a kind of intelligence , so maybe indeed that can converge with your SSC transformation due to a kind of interaction. I consider like I told you beyond this physicality an infinite energy, an infinite eternal consciousness but I cannot define it of course, I don t consider it like an infinite heat but an energy different, and this energy transform and codes this energy in matters energy different fron the central cosmological sphere. Philosophically speaking I don t know how all this distributed inside the physicality and how we must consider the consciousness and the intelligence but it seems that this consciousness is essential. I have read many books of philosophy and religions when I was more Young, I am 45 years old soon and I have began to search answers at the age of 17 maybe, so I have read the bible, coran, talmud, hindousi, taois, confucianism, budhhism and books of philo like Descartes, Spinoza, Jung, Freud, Nietsche, Kant, and others, I consider a Little bit a god of spinoza like Einstein in respecting this determinisn inside this reality. I have ranked a Little bit of all after when I was at University in geology Before my coma due to epilepsy, I have stopped and made the agronomy, but I have ranked the animals, vegetals, minerals, maths, physics, biology, evolution, Chemistry and I have found this theory of spherisation and these spheres due to a page of biology where we see the evolution of hominid Brains since the lemurians, it was my humble Eureka, and since all these years I continue to study the physics and maths in details to formalise correctly all this puzzle of spheres. All this to tell you that the best answers that I have had about this God if I can say were with the sciences, we see a kind of thing coding and transforming the energy matters to create this physicality with its geometries, topolgogies, matters and properties. I find all this fascinating I must say and we must accept our limitations in maths, physics, philosophy, we cannot explain unfortunally all but we see a kind of universal logic of building and evolution. This evolution for me is very important in my model it is the meaning of the spherisation, an optimisation evolution of the universal sphere or future sphere. We are inside a system finite in improvement and our consciousness is like a tool also of optimisation. Sorry for my English and its grammar , I am french speaking. So maybe we create a kind of system in optimisation in fact and the relevance is that beyond the potential seems infinite due to this infinite eternal consciousness. It is really fascinating, I cannot affirm of course but I beleive that our souls continue a road like all is transformed, I see simply in my model that when we die we are in the instant at this central consological sphere and resynchornised in a small baby on an other planet like all turns with the same kind of brain considering the evolution, it is an assumption of course, but I see like that, the body and mind are one thing and the soul an other, we encode so different informations for this soul, but I repeat I cannot affirm or prove of course.It is a speculation. We die so for me only electromagnetically but not maybe differently and deeper , I consider this gravitation like the main chief orchestra and that is why I consider a gravitational aether. I insist on the fact that all this are assumption , it is just my philosophical analysis , I don t affirm and I cannot prove of course but for me in my model that seems logic. I know that the sciences Community is divided about a creator intelligent and I respect their ideas and beleifs. We just discuss about general philosophical extrapolations. I like how you Think, you are general and relevant. Best regards, friendly from Finland, I am Belgian but I have immigrated 7 months ago here, this country is wonderful I must say.
Hi Professor Crowell,
Thanks for sharing , I have answered on your post at the end of this thread, I liked your SSC , and the maths, fields, particles can indeed be under a kind of universal harmonical partition, these 3D spheres intrigue me a lot if we have 3 main series of 3D spheres coded where this space disappear, their number is the same than our comoslogical finite serie of spheres, like if this number was important. So one finite serie for the space, vacumm ,the main codes and after two fuels one for the photons and one for the cold dark matter and when they fuse they create these geometries, topologies and properties of matters and their electromagnetic and gravitational fields. The relevance is to consider these Tools for these series wich merge , the Ricci flow, the topological and euclidian spaces, the lie derivatives, groups and algebras, the poincare conjecture, the hamiltonian and an assymetric ricci flow to create these unique things also, probably with the smallest spherical volumes of these series, I don t know. There are many properties that we can rank with this logic, when we consider the angles and rotations,the volumes, the mass, the moments, the motions, rotations spinal and orbital, more even the oscillations with even hopf fibrations on surfaces, the densities also are important because they merge , and this and that, in fact many things can be ranked and understood at my humble opinions. Probably that there is a conjecture also with the strings, branes, fields but the philosophy in my model is totally different because I consider that all is made of coded particles and not fields. The 3D for me is the only real universal truth at all scales. After all the particles create the fields and not the opposite. Best Regards
Hi, I thought about this also considering this cold dark matter encoded in nuclei in my model balancing.
it seems that respecting the pure thermodynamics this time respects an irreversible entropical Arrow of time. The low towards a higher entropy is just about the disorder and order due to this evolution.It is because the entropy of this universe evolving tends to a maximum if I can say. For the charge-parity symmetry or charge-conjugation-parity symmetry and the CP violations , see this experiment at CERN, the experiment had shown that the long-lived neutral kaon can decay into two pions, implying the violation of CP symmetry - an subtle difference between particles and antiparticles. It is just so about the imbalance matter -antimatter . The consciousness is a different parameter but philosophically it can be extrapolated with this entropy increasing and order and result of evolution but we don t know well still
that becomes paradoxal about the order and disorder if we consider the evolution and the works of Clausius about this thermodynamics and this entropy tending to a maximum, that is why we need a balance for the order, that is why it is relevant to consider a kind of negentropy and for me it is the cold dark matter encoded too in nuclei in my model.
Without this balance we cannot explain the actual order of our geometries, topologies, matters and properties. It is essential to have a balance and this matter anti matter is probably correlated. The cold dark matter seems the answer.
We retrun at these 3 main finite series of coded 3D spheres, one for the space and the two fuels, so in resume simple, the photons and the entropy and thermo and disorders and this cold dark matter like a negentropy implying so the order and its geometries, topologies, matters. We need an universal balance for this entropy tending to a maximum and that becomes relevant when we consider this negentropy tending also towards a maximum and the order and evolution and even consciousness can be correlated at my humble opinion.
Regards
Peter Thanks for your questions. How the self replication mechanism works. I see it as being analogous to the splitting of DNA into two separate strings, Each component of each string combines with its conjugate to reform into 2 DNA. strings? In the SSC processing the C*s to SSCU transformation produces 2 sets of equivalent and opposite processes. The first set - the self creating and self dissipating processing separates, each component combines with its conjugate. Each string then enters the TZs of the other set of equivalent and opposite processes. Here they are connected together and become two SSCUs. So I incorporate ideas from your essay into the explanation. What existed before the first C*s to SSCU "event" - Indeterminate C's were interacting chaotically - was covered in the appendix of the essay (maybe not in enough detail). The process for the conversion of chaotic C*s (quantas) into mechanical C*s actions was also in the appendix. The links in the unification of QM and SR were the quantities (quantas) of chaotic C*s becoming repeating Planck actions which created the variables/relationships of space, time, mass, speed, time that become the forms and functions in existence when the encapsulation "fixed" the processing. So the whole C*s to SSCU transformation unified QM and SR. I agree with the desire for more detail and supporting evidence.Everything that I see and rationalize fits the theory. What I am trying to get are other people to use the concepts , mathematics, etc. in their work to prove it to themselves that it works. Anything that you can do to help that would be appreciated. Hope these answer your questions. John
Thank you very much, John, for the detailed and understandable answers! I look forward to your comments and questions on my ontological ideas .
Sincerely, Vladimir
Vladimir Sorry for the delay. In my three postings below this thread, starting April 16th I added some clarification that I think will answer some of your questions. I also reread your essay. We are basically trying to do the same thing: provide a complete understanding of "all of the order in existence" which includes all intelligence, philosophy, psychology, the complete physical world, mathematics, computations, humanity, consciousness, cognition, etc. Both of our essays contain many of the same ideas expressed differently. For example, your major components/ideas: primordial generating structure, the ontological basis of knowledge, and the universum are similar to what is in my theory. I consider the SSC theory to be a theory of the creation and functioning of all ordered existence. Also the initial C*s to SSCU transformation is the fundamental (foundation) of all ordered "being": the physical world, all intelligence, knowledge, consciousness, humanity etc.. An example not mentioned in the essay is: the original SSCU can be considered a primordial "node" and its self replication/ self organization produces intelligence networks. The same SSCU is the primordial space, time, mass, speed and direction that become the forms and functioning of the physical world and the foundation for SSC mathematics and computations. All of these are interwoven in the overall SSC processing. I believe the SSC theory could be the Big- Paradigm revolution in the basis and processing needed to get out of what you are calling the current crisis. Please continue the questioning. John
Steve I have a question about the previous posting on this thread: what do you think of the idea that every self creating lineage (including humanity) emerges from a self creating field as an intelligent/ successful self creating/ physical "combination". each progressive unit emerges, grows, lives, Lear dips, reproduces dies. While they are living ( and with books, etc ) Their learned intelligence and physical improvements are passed on to succeeding generations. When a unit dies its intelligence and physical components dissipate - no longer exist- but the SSC component returns to the SSC field and begins its next progression-- that would seem to fit in my model ? What are your thoughts? John
Hello John, we cannot prove this main cause and orgigin, I know that the majority of thinkers consider these fields like main cause , a main Cosmic field and strings at this planck scale, probably it is due to Witten. But I see differently in my model, I consider particles coded sent from the central cosmological sphere. It is there for me that this infinite eternal consciousness codes and transforms this Energy. I beleive that these fields don t explain the evolution because why so this thing beyond our understanding does not change the oscillations to help the Children in yemen for example in a simplistic analysis. The fact to consider that we have only fields creating the geometries, topologies, matters seems odd for me. I understand the philosophy of string theorists considering these fields , they consider mainly that Before the physicality we had an infinite heat and after this thing has created photons and so oscillate these photons to create our reality, and philosophically so they correlate with this infinite thing and even consider the infinity inside the physicality because all is connected with a kind of God like if we were inside it and the fields so explain the emergent things and the intelliegnce also. But for me like I said we need coded particles and an evolution, that is why I beleiv that this infinite eternal consciousness needs really particles to create this physicality. I respect your general idea , we see a Little bit the same about this continuity and evolutive road , I just consider particles in my theory of spherisation and 3D spheres , the Waves particles duality is respected also when we consider that space disappears with specific series and that all is in constanct and that we have these 2 fuels also creating the fields due to fact that they are encoded in the main primordial serie of this spa What I find important is that we cannot have fields , Waves, without particles if they are without motions, but we cannot have fields without particles for me. Best Regards
Hi John...
Thank you for reading my essay with attention as required to make a comparative analysis between your Successful Self-Creation theoretical model, and my Unified Quantization of a Sphere (UQS) geometry model.
I have now read your essay, I do see similarities, and many of the seemingly dissimilar aspects are discipline specific language issues... e.g. I differentiate Phenomena Energy (PHE) from spatially defined Quanta of Energy (QE) to facilitate the UQS minimum/indivisible unit as Space-Time ENERGY, which can then be differentiated from Spaceless-Timeless Cause ENERGY.
REF Graphic Illustration: Cause Energy Pulsed Emergence as Space-Time Energy http://www.uqsmatrixmechanix.com/UQSMarcelMLTD.jpg
To ask, as Peter Jackson does: "You mention self-replication but what existed before the first event?", is not the same as to akd What existed before the first C*s to SSCU "event" ... to which you respond... "Indeterminate C's were interacting chaotically.".
Chaotic interaction implies entity action events... i.e. "stuff" experiencing motion differentials over time.
Differentiating Space-Time ENERGY from Spaceless-Timeless Cause ENERGY requires a logic singularity... i.e. the geometry that encapsulates a minimum/indivisible temporal quanta (QT) pulsed Point Source emission of a spatially defined entity... but in that UQs is a rigorous mathematical/geometry model that satisfies a Space-Time/Spaceless-Timeless logic singularity ... i.e. not a theory... the classic "something from nothing" rejection of the model has been eliminated.
In that the Space-Time kinematic chain, from pulsed source emission of a minimum/indivisible spatially defined entity, to a visible entity. has not been verified, I can agree with Edwin Eugene Klingman'S assessment that we have "no need for new theory"...i.e. I think what we need is conversions of speculative mathematical theories into CAD environment models for critical analysis of fundamental emergence by digital SIM.
I am currently designing UQS Virtual Quantum Lab/Game console screens and coding screen mapped DEF FN, to facilitate utilization of prior UQS geometry derived digital code, as a CAD/SIM environment user interface... i.e. I no longer work with mathematical symbolic equations/linguistics... and as my essay demonstrates, I have installed the UQS integrated PHSICAL/META-PHYSICAL model on my mental desktop and am experimenting with application of the Cosmic Consciousness Connection it facilitates.
In that the Successful Self-Creation model "mathematics and theoretical measurements" correspond to standard model... i.e. perturbatively derived... "variables of universal space, time, mass, speed and direction of the physical universe and its internal functioning", I can not concede that the Successful Self-Creation model goes "beyond" the ""probability"" for a fundamental process that evolves as a networked intelligence, which resolves nascence of a functional Space-Time Energy reality, as demonstrated by the UQS unified field model CAD-SIMs.
In that our exchange demonstrates that "interdisciplinary" conceptual convergence is currently being conveniently and effectively facilitated by FQXi essays and essay comment threads, and typically funding is not available for application development, I think independent Computer Aided Development of the UQS Virtual Quantum Lab/Game, is currently my best course of focused action.
Thanks again John for your thought provoking essay, and thoughtful comments on my essay.
Sue Lingo
UQS Author/Logician
www.uqsmatrixmechanix.com
Hello Sue Thanks for reading and responding to my essay. I will respond to your comments and then show how the SSC model can be used to generate "a more precise framework for analysis for information processing ... that correlates to an Absolute Intelligence" I will also show how the SSC model can be represented to be the creator of a rigorous quantitive/mathematical/geometric model of a Unified, Quantitative, Geometric Successful Self Creating Sphere that scales up to become "all of the order in existence" which includes all intelligence, the complete physical world and the SSC processing that progressively creates and interweaves them into its processing and results. It May take more than one posting to accomplish this. What existed before the first event? In my reply to Peter I thought he was referring to the first SSC event. However maybe he and you are asking about the first event that created something out of nothing- that created the chaotic existence? In that case I need to go back to the beginning of the creation of my model. My primary assumption was that existence has always existed. So there was never a need to create something out of nothing. It became then a conversion problem. Also my beginning was different than other creation stories/theories. Humanity has almost universally accepted the idea that intelligence has always existed and it is in effect everywhere, all of the time and it never changes. In science that intelligence is the laws and constants of physics, in philosophy it is the rules of logic and reason, in religion it is the wisdom of the God(s). The SSC theory says this is not true. SSC creates and uses those at the appropriate times in the processing. I also state (imply) that this is the reason no one has created a TOE and by changing those fallacious assumptions I was able to develop a complete model. The reason we need a new model is to get rid of these fundamental fallacies.
Sue. In my reply to your posting, I made a mistake. From the beginning it should read: "Hello Sue ..........that correlates to a precise Quantified Unified Sphere of Successful Self Creation".
In the last statement of the previous posting, I mentioned that "The reason we need a new model is to get rid of these fallacies." The concept of an "Absolute God" is one of those fallacies. It was only after I got rid of those fallacies I was able to discover the new SSC paradigm. By the way the C*s to SSCU fundamental process progressively creates the fundamental Geometric point(s), line(s). surface area(s), sphere(s) (with volumes) that correspond to the forms and functions that become the Quantitative Unified Sphere of Successful Self Creation. I also read in your Bio that you do not believe in "perturbative measurements" . What this implies to me is that the entire realm (small and large) of measurable science is outside of your realm of acceptance. Is that the reason you left the use of symbolic mathematics and language and entered CAD/SIM representations based on thought/logic alone as "truth"? It seems to me that a theory using symbolic math and language that matches scientific measurements combined with a CAD/SIM representation would receive better acceptance than a CAD/SIM representation based on Absolute Intelligence and thought alone. I am looking for good CAD/SIM modelers. Do you have a recommendation? Good luck in your modeling. John
Hi David...
A rigorous math model requires all GEOMETRY ELEMENTS... i.e. elements of spatial definition... are derived from a digitally coded CAD environment quantization algorithm that is compatible with the CAD engine.
A rigorous math model requires all GRAPHIC ELEMENTS... e.g. minimum/indivisible spatial unit (QI), minimum/indivisible icon/sprite (QE) that experiences SIM animation... are defined in terms of (x,y,z) coordinates to pass to the CAD engine.
Note: an impossibility if model requires an emergent intelligence, and the quantization of CAD environment is not a unified field...i.e. identical geometry algorithm to generate QI as spatial occupancy addresses
A rigorous math model requires all EMMISION and subsequent DISTRIBUTION PROCESSES... i.e. (x,y,z) transformations of GRAPHIC ELEMENTS from time 0 to SIM duration time... must be digitally coded to output(x,y,z) coordinates for pass to the SIM module of the CAD engine.
I have completed these requirements, and coding the preferably cross platform CAD/SIM app necessary to utilize the Physicist/Logician's rigorous math model, as defined above, can be outsourced to any game developer with 3D OpenGL/vulcan/dirextX experience. or to a CAD/SIM app developer.
A rigorous model of an emergent intelligence... i.e. ability to resolve the next SIM frame without external (perturbative) input... requires an INFERENCE module that reads CAD (x,y,z) data, compares choreography differential between process sequenced frames of the SIM, and digitally codes a logic statement of that differential as a SWITCH Function that can be accessed by the CAD engine as AVAILABLE INTELLEGENCE for subsequent SIM frame resolves.
Coding the CAD/SIM app necessary to utilize the Physicist/Logician's rigorous emergent intelligence model, as defined above, will require Artificial Intelligence expertise.
My choice would be to establish a collaboration between "Animation Master" author Martin Hash, and "Mathmatica" author Stephen Wolfram, but due to limited resources, I have become multi-disciplinary.
May your resources facilitate a more timely production schedule for a "Successful Self Creation" model CAD/SIM.
Sue Lingo
UQS Author/Logician
www.uqsmatrixmechanix.com
Hello Sue Thank you for your reply. It took me some time to translate your reply into my language. When I did I found that you provided a template for me to map/reorganize the SSC quantized processing/results into CAD/SIMS operational language with a new logic "twist" that made it possible for an emergent intelligence to emerge in conjunction with the physical world and appropriate SSC processing. Through its timely progression SSC became "all of the order in existence". -- including all intelligence/the complete physical world and the SSC processing that interweaves them into every SSC/processing result. Thanks again.
Hi John David Crowell...
My bad!!!... i.e. my cut and paste error addressing you on my last post.
In regard to your reference to my BIO statement implying that I 'do not believe in "perturbative measurements", please note that my Bio reads: "as a logician I refrain from perturbative analysis of FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES."
As to the reason I "left the use of symbolic mathematics and language": a digital processor requires an interpreter to process symbolic maths... e.g. calculus... and depending on the interpreter, version#, etc, the response to a query may vary. That being the case, I admit to a bias for digital coded logic in developing applications for analysis of fundamental processes, by digital processors.
As to the reason I "entered CAD/SIM representations based on thought/logic alone": Gödel's thermos do not apply to geometry.
REF: - Topic:"The Misalignment Problem" by Jack James
I agree that any concept of an "Absolute God" as an entity, rather than as the fundamental process for spontaneous harmonious distribution of minimum/indivisible spatially defined Energy (QE) throughout the Universe, "is one of those fallacies", but recognizing the fallacy does not invalidate potential for Spaceless-Timeless Cause Energy to emerge as a Space-Time Energy information network, and to verify the root architecture and processes of that information network, one needs to experiment, develop query mechanisms, and make application of the "wisdom" of said Universal Intelligence
REF: - Topic: "Modeling Universal Intelligence" by Sue Lingo
or as an .html document "Modeling Universal Intelligence" by Sue Lingo
As for "truth??... it must be supported by a composite model that seamlessly, logically, integrates one's PHYSICAL model... i.e. as a QE spatial occupancy model... and one's META-PHYSICAL model... i.e. as a model of spaceless processes... and be defined in terms that facilitate experimental verification of one's observations of one's PHYSICAL and META-PHYSICAL Reality.
Your "assumption was that existence has always existed" is predicated on the word "always", which infers temporal logic that is not supported in a model of Causality as a Spaceless-Timeless logic frame.
Sue Lingo
UQS Author/Logician
www.uqsmatrixmechanix.com
Hi to both of you, Interesting that you have this UQS , about the sphere, personally I work about my theory of spherisation , an optimisation dear Mrs Lingo of the universal sphere or future sphere with quantum 3D finite coded series of spheres and cosmological spheres, I consider 3 maib finite series sent from the central cosmological sphere, it is there that the primordial onformations are sent, and these series have the same number than our cosmological finite series of spheres , I consider one main finite serie for the space, tha main codes and two fuels, the photons and the cold dark matter and they have also the same finite number where the space disappears even due to a specific serie , and when they merge they create the topologies, geometries, matters, fields and properties. I consider so that all is made of particles 3D spheres coded in a kind of superfluid aether and so the geonetries, topologies don t come from fields. For the formalisation mathematical I utilise an intrisin Ricci flow more an assymetric Ricci flow to explain the unique things, more the lie derivatives, the lie groups, the lie algebras and the euclidian and topological spaces, more the Clifford algebras and convergences with the Bott periodicity for these spheres. The 3D coded spheres seem foundamental at all scales. An other relevance is that I have considered the hopf fibrations on surfaces of these spheres to explain and rank the quasiparticles. The origin of our physicality does not seem to come from fields , but all is coded particles. Your model totally different than mine makes me Think about the works of Nassim Haramein considering the resonances , fields and this planck spherical unity, but like I said my model considers particles coded and the spherisation evolution is an important point. The strings and the fields don t take into account this evolution and I doubt that these strings, fields, geometrodynamics with points or geometrical algebras can explain the geometries, topologies, the main origin seems the 3D coded particles. What do you Think ? Regards
So in resume , the works that you make both of you or Nassim consider that all is made of fields to explain our emergent geonetries, topologies , matters,fields , properties, conciousness, mass...but there are enormous problems philosophical because the evolution is not taken into account, we need coded particles in a kind of superfluid , see well the 3 main finite series of coded spheres. The central sphere of our universe continues to send informations and we continue to evolve, this thing beyond our understanding that I consider like an infinite eternal consciousness needs to code, transform this energy of consciousness wich is not an infinite heat, the heat and cold appear due to these two fuels that I cited for me and this space merging together, we need motion and a time, beyond it is without time, space, matters, geometries, topologies, so the fields like main origin like the strings are not really rational respecting this evolution.