The Most Beautiful Experiment of All Times by Stefan Weckbach

Dear Stefan Weckbach,

Good to see you here. In one remark you speculate that a new theory might show "one or both of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics as special cases of limited applicability." I am beginning to believe that General Relativity is of limited applicability in a 'flat' universe, the applicability being focused on black holes and neutron stars. In my essay I show Doug Sweetser's beautiful diagram that illustrates the "choice" of whether to use either the 'potential' of QM or the 'metric' of GR. I also conjecture that gravity is irrotational, although this seems to conflict with the 'weak field' GEM equations of GR. Such a change will have consequences, such as for gravity waves.

You also state that "some physicists believe that...particles...do *not* have any well defined properties until those properties are measured." This is potentially the most important current question in physics, and Brian Whitworth's essay explores the consequences of this. I challenge this in my essay and on Brian's page and my own page. I won't repeat them here, but would welcome your comments on this issue.

Finally I invite you to consider my 'particle plus pilot wave' approach, which differs from Bohm's treatment in that his pilot weave is a 'quantum field' [whatever that is] while mine is a real [gravito-magnetic] field of the type I think deBroglie and Einstein would have preferred.

Thank you for pointing out that if the "elementary particle split itself" to pass through the slits, it always nevertheless has to "reunite with its parts" to form a well defined point at the screen. I believe that you have addressed major questions of physics that must receive our attention. I also appreciate your focus on information and computing, but need more time to digest these.

Good luck in the contest,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Having only a glance to your essay I was trapped by the number 123(124). It is astonishing that I have reached to the same number by an holographic approach (essay programmed for the future) of the Universe. I hope to find the time needed to read your essay in detail and respond appropriately.

best regards

narsep (ioannis hadjidakis)

Hi to both of you and to all,

Indeed it's good to see you again on FQXi.

Very interesting essay.congratulations and good luck.

Steve

Thanks o lot for the complementary information.

Hi dear Stefan,

You are welcome,sincerely.

That goes.Thanks.I survive in a bizarre world.I search the big forest hihihi.

For the contest,no I can't resume.And I have a problem of adaptation for the system and the management.But I must adapt me, it's essential and important even!

I don't know how I must do in fact.Even here in Belgium I don't know how I can create a society or a company.It's the life.

I wish you still a very good contest, your essay is relevant.

Regards

Steve

Stefan Weckbach,

I rather enjoyed your article. My article which appeared illustrates some of my work on the equivalency between 3 and 4 qubits entanglements with a black h ole and entanglements with the AdS_7 spacetime. This touches on elements of your paper.

The entanglement entropy for black holes is equal to the determinant of the SLOCC group. For the 3 qubit system system this is a hyperdeterminant, where there are terms for the standard bipartite entanglements as well as for the W and GHZ states. For the 4 qubit case there are coset realizations. The entanglements are holographic, and in what I am working on there should be a correspondence with an entanglement entropy on AdS_7, with cosmological implications with the conformally flat boundary.

The 400 to 500 bits and possible 10^123 entangled bit flips corresponds to the total number of elementary particles, or string modes possible. The E_8xE_8 has 2x248 = 496 particle states. This is remarkably close to this estimate here. The implication is that the universe may only contain one of every type of elementary particle. So the electrons running around the circuit board in my computer, is the same as all the electrons in the entire universe. This holographic projection of fields onto the AdS boundary, or equivalently the cosmological boundary, is a form of Feynman's original concept of the path integral where a particle in effect covers the entire universe.

Check out Phil Gibb's paper and mine, which are remarkably parallel.

Cheers LC

Dear Stefan and Narsep,

I have wondered if 10^123 is a geometrical power of Dirac's Large Number ~10^123~(10^41)^3 in 3 spatial dimensions. Either that, or it is "leakage" from a scale of greater complexergy (such as the "Multiverse" scale that I mention in my upcoming continuous vs. discrete essay).

Have Fun!

Hi Stefan,

Good to see you participating in the contest!

Regarding the discussion of the nature of particles in Section 4, I just wanted to mention that if instead of "particles" we think in terms of events (followed by other events), things might look less mysterious.

Dear Lev and Stefan,

I think that Stefan and I are close in some ways in the definition of particles. The Multiverse is an infinite Cantor set, our Observable Universe is a self-similar fragment of fractal dust of that Multiverse, and at some scale it is appropriate to consider fundamental particles as self-similar fragments of fractal dust, ad infinitum...

These fractal fragments also have quasiparticle properties that yield Discrete Particle vs. Continuous Wave Duality.

I'm still waiting for my essay blog to go live...

Have Fun!

Stefan, thanks for the response. I don't wish to clog up your page with the discussion of entanglement and Bell's inequality issues, but I am continuing with them on my page, and hope they answer some of your questions. Of course I would be happy to answer more if you have them.

Best regards,

Edwin Eugene Klingman

Dear Sir,

Your paper is quite interesting.

While many predictions of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics have been proved, GR has not been proved in laboratory experiments and there is no unanimity among the various versions of QM.

You say: "infinities could be no more than mathematical idealizations". Generally, infinity is used in physics as a very big number that has properties like other numbers of the number sequence. This is not correct. Number is a property of substances by which we differentiate between similars. The number sequence arises out of the mechanism of our perception: two is one plus one; three is two plus one etc. Infinity is like one: without similars, but while the dimensions of one are fully perceptible, the dimensions of infinity are not fully perceptible. Hence no mathematics is possible using infinity and renormalization is mathematically void.

The answer to the question posed by you: "if the conceptual use of infinitely changeable quantities, be them size, duration, energy or whatever, does make ontologically sense or only reveals our misunderstanding about the universe" is that change is essential for perception (without a change in the object or the background structure, no perception is possible). The universe is a closed system where every particle interacts with every other particle. Our inability to study the total dynamics leads to our misunderstanding about the universe.

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle has been a most misunderstood statement. Kindly read our essay on its proper interpretation. Similarly, there are alternative explanations for Young's double slit experiments and diffraction experiments. Wave and particle represent two different aspects of the same thing, but as waves and particles they are different. Wave represents the field. Particle represents the confined field. The interaction between the particle and the field appears as the force experienced by other bodies in the field. Separately, we have derived all fundamental forces of Nature from a common source. Gravity is the first force that is responsible for structure formation and stabilization. It is a composite force and not a single force. Other forces can be derived from it without GR. Soon we will publish the detailed theory.

Regards,

Basudeba.

Dear Sir,

We cannot understand why scientists have to resort to weirdness to explain physical phenomena. Confinement and Entanglement are not quantum phenomena alone, but they have macro examples also. Superposition of states arises out of the mechanism of measurement, which has been sensationalized by imputing imaginary characteristics to it.

As we have explained in our essay, every particle in the Universe is ever moving with respect to something or the other. Measurement is conducted at a designated instant called "here-now" and the result of that measurement is used at subsequent times, when the particle no longer retains those characteristics, but has temporally evolved. Thus, only its state at the said instant can be known with certainty. It's true state before and after measurement, which is not a single state, but an ever changing state, cannot be known. This unknown state, which is a composite of all possible states, is known as the superposition of states.

When two objects retain their original relationship after being physically separated, such relationship is called entanglement. Suppose someone while traveling forgot to take one of the pair of socks. The individual sock of the pair is complementary to the other. They cannot be used in isolation. If someone asks, 'which of the pairs has gone with the traveler', the answer will be unknown till someone at either end finds out by physical verification. This is a macro example of entanglement. Before the verification (measurement) was done; which one went out was not known. It could have been either one (superposition of all states). After measurement the answer is conclusively known (wave function collapses). There is no need to unnecessarily sensationalize it. The quantum entanglement can be easily explained if we examine the nature of confinement and the measure the distance up to which entanglement shows up (generally, it is not infinite, but lasts up to a maximum of a few kilo meters only).

Not only quarks, but also all particles are confined. LHC has surprised physicists / cosmologists that the early universe was a 'perfect fluid' and not an 'explosion of gases' that is the basis of all current theories. Particles are nothing but confined fluids; that is described as the primordial field. The mechanism by which this fluid is confined will be discussed separately (using simple verifiable models and without Higg's mechanism). Just like only the atoms (molecules) and their combinations exhibit definite chemical properties, only quarks are the first particles to exhibit this property of confinement. Hence if we try to break their confinement, the applied energy leads to formation of other quarks not due to uncertainty principle, but due to simple mechanism of inertia of motion and inertia of restoration (elasticity). Even within the confinement, the up quarks change to down quarks and vice versa. This property is exhibited by all particles.

Confinement requires a central stable point around which the mass (confined field) accumulates and the external limit of the confinement which gives rise to the stabilized orbits. There is space between these two positions. This gives a three fold structure. Since inside the particle, it is all fluid or locally confined fluid (sub-systems), it is unstable. If some force is applied to move a smaller portion of the fluid, it generates an equal force in the opposite direction. This is exhibited as the charge of the particle. Where this force interacts with other forces, it may become non-linear. Otherwise, it behaves linearly. The linear behavior is known as quantum entanglement. Electrons and photons are special cases of this confined fluid.

Regarding Relativity, we have proved in other posts that it is a wrong description of facts and that Einstein's mathematics is wrong. Since it is very lengthy, we are not reproducing it here. Those interested may read our post below the essay of Mr. Castel and Mr. Granet.

Regards,

basudeba.

Hi Stefan, I liked your essay very much in it's simplicity of thought. I agree that the particle/wave duality needs to be resolved in a common sense fashion. I believe that an Archimedes screw analogy does just that. What do you think?

Stefan,

I'm merely an innocent bystander, but I'd like to express few thoughts about Bell theorem tests. BTW, I'm assuming that particle-wave duality is actually an oscillation between states.

I think that the only way that the emission of a single 'particle' can be determined is through the detection of single particles in a test without 'grating'. That a particle state manifestation is emitted rather than a wave state manifestation is undetermined.

I suggest that even in quantum Bell test experiments that emitted low mass elements are propagated only in their wave states and are manifested in their particle states only on detection.

Moreover, when a 'grating' device is used to split the element, it can only be of such separation distance that a wave portion can pass through all the grating openings. I assert that's because it is a wave being split into (two) independently directed wave fronts, still representing a singular wave. Each wave front can be independently detected as a quantum particle, both still representing the original singular wave.

Thanks for your consideration,

Jim

Dear Stefan,

I enjoyed your interesting essay. One passage of particular interest was your consideration that "Fourthly, we could reason that there must be somewhat a metaphysical realm that is able to transcendent both possibilities, the digital and the analog. The latter option seems to be the most promising." This option is quite similar to the conclusion of my essay which may interest you. Both of our essays also touch on the question of the denumerability or non-denumerability of quantities in physical theories and measurements.

Regards,

Tom