The Modified Special Relativity Theory and the Meaning of Time: The Interpretation of Quantum Tunneling, Quantum Entanglement, OPERA, ICARUS, and SN 1987a by Azzam K AlMosallami

Dear Azzam,

you ask an interesting question. This is my veiwpoint. Our bodies are structures which might be thought of as arrangements of atoms or even sub atomic particles. That structure is always undergoing change. Some of those changes are the metabolic activity of being alive, including growth and repair, and others can be regarded as ageing. Such as glycolysis of proteins, free radical damage, telomere shortening, loss of skin collagen and hair pigmentation.

According to the explanatory framework, shown in my essay, each new arrangement replaces the previous. There is only the youngest iteration of the universe. Due to the deleterious changes that can occur to a biological organism, as well as positive growth and repair, with each new iteration I am growing older.Repair is not keeping pace with damage. There is no younger me still in existence in the universe. The me I am in this moment will also be replaced by me in the next. Individual blood cells will be in different places, some cells will have died and new ones will have been formed by cell division. I am not a perfect thing that is unchanging but part of everything in the universe undergoing continual change (whether in form or just in universal position).

What does persist after change has occurred is data that can be processed to form output via the sensory system or artificial detector or sensitive material. That data could be EM radiation in the environment, so a distant observer might percieve an image of me as I was in an earlier iteration of the universe; or the arrangement of pigments on a piece of paper giving a likeness of my former self (photo). Similarly images might persist as a memory, encoded within the neurological structure of an observer.

As you can see from diagram 1. There is no "existing" past other than in records and memories- and pre-written futures that have the potential to become a present experience but are the data generated from former events.That sounds a little complicated because it is a break from our traditional view of the differentiation between past, present and future. However it does allow the paradoxes of relativity and the philosophical red hat problems I discussed to be overcome. You question does make sense to me. There is no you as a fixed and unchanging entity. Nor are you all that you have been spread within a space-time continuum. As a physical presence in the universe you are only what you are in the uni-temporal- Now of Object reality, (preceding the observed present).

Correction- I should have said glycosylation not glycolysis. The first can be detrimental cross linking of proteins and the other a helpful part of metabolism supplying a source of energy.

Link to information on Various theories of ageing

Dear Georgina,

I'm really very interesting with your comments. What you are introducing is not giving us a complete answer relative to the meaning of the reality. For example, the time dialtion. Let's study this example regarded to time dilation in order to understand what I mean. Sally and Sara are twins of old 20 years. Sally traveled by his spacecraft for space trip. The speed of the spacecraft

was constant and equals to 0.87c. Sally returned to earth after 2 years according to her clock time. Now, according to the special relativity theory SRT, when Sally returned to earth, her old would be 22, while she would find Sara's old 24 years. Sara would be older than Sally by 2 years, although they are twins. According to SRT, time in the moving frame of Sally will move slower than Sara's frame on the earth surface. And since Sara and Sally are

computing their old using the motion of their clocks, thus, the motion of the clock of Sally will move in a slower rate than Sara's clock. Georgina! now as you see from this exampale relative to time dialtion, although Sally and Sara are twins, but when Sally returned from her trip she was younger than Sara. As we know what causing the ageing the chemical and biological reactions inside the human body. But in this example relative to the time dilation there is a theory more comprehensive that controls these reactions inside the human body and by this theory the reactions inside Sally's body were perfomed in a slower rate than Sara's body, and by that Sally was younger than Sara not by the number of years, but also by the form of her body to be of age 22 years not 24 years as Sara's form of old 24. We are looking for this comprehensive theory which controls the motion of events through the spacetime. These events may be chemical or biological reactions, or any moment of feeling in love, hate or pain...etc.

Georgina,

The results produced by my modified special relativity theory are in agreement with the results produced by quantum tunneling experiments and thus it explains theoretically what occurs in quantum tunneling. It proves the events inside the tunneling barrier should occur at a faster rate than the usual situation in the laboratory. It provides a new concept of time speedup which is not existed in special relativity theory. The concept of time speeding up in my theory is proven by many experiments, where some enzymes operate kinetically, much faster than predicted by the classical Delta(G) . In "through the barrier" models, a proton or an electron can tunnel through activation barriers. Quantum tunneling for protons has been observed in tryptamine oxidation by aromatic amine dehydrogenase. Also British scientists have found that enzymes cheat time and space by quantum tunneling - a much faster way of traveling than the classical way - but whether or not perplexing quantum theories can be applied to the biological world is still hotly debated. Until now, no one knew just how the enzymes speed up the reactions, which in some cases are up to a staggering million times faster. Seed Magazine published a fascinating article about a group of researchers who discovered a bit more about how enzymes use quantum tunneling to speed up chemical reactions. The modified special relativity theory answers all the preceding questions, and the answer is existed in the developed concept of time dilation in MSRT. As you see in my previous example, when Sally returned to earth she was younger than Sara although they are twins...right? that means when Sally returned to earth, her old increased 2 years, while Sara's old increased 4 years, that means for Sally, she had known what is the form of Sara after 4 years on the earth from the moment of the leaving the earth in a time separation of 2 years according to Sally's time. Thus from that for Sally to Sara time is contracted. Suppose both of Sally and Sara are agreed to perform a chemical reaction, each one will do the same reaction in her reference frame at the moment of Sally leaving the earth. This reaction required a time separation 4 years to be performed. Now when Sally returned to earth after 2 years according to her time, the reaction would not be performed in her spacecraft, it is required other 2 years to be performed. But the reaction was performed on the earth, because the passed time on the earth was 4 years. Sally would know the result of the reaction which required a time separation 4 years to be performed in a time separation 2 years.

Dear Georgina,

There a fascinating result of my MSRT. From the previous example, suppose we have a virus, where it performs a transform each 40 years. If we would like to know what form this virus will take place after 40 years, we should make a tunneling barrier of gama =1262304000 (gama here is the lorentz factor in special relativity and according to my theory it depends on the difference of the vacuum energy of my laboratory and the vacuum energy of the barrier, where this difference is negative, where the barrier has a negative vacuum energy. This difference can be evaluated by quantum field theory).

Now when we put this virus inside the barrier, we would get the form this virus would be taken after 40 years in 1 second according to our time. The time passed inside the barrier would be 40 years according to a clock inside, while the time passed according to our clock is 1 second.

Dear Azzam ,

thank you for your explanations 23.30 and 23.48 GMT.

I agree that when considering the age of a person it should be regarded as more than a clock time or date on the calendar. Biological age is to do with maintenance of the body rather than just its duration as an object. Two people of the same calender age can have significantly different biological ages if they have lived under significantly different circumstances, or have made very different lifestyle choices impacting upon their health.

I don't think that a reaction occurring faster is time speeding up. Passage of time is something different from rates of different kinds of activity.I don't think a "time tunnel" is required to avoid energetic barriers. Its like saying the pole vaulter quantum tunnelled when he walks around the obstacle rather than leaping over it. Who said leaping was the only way to get past the barrier.Facilitating the least energetically demanding means of carrying out processes is advantageous to biological organisms and therefore has a positive selection pressure. Enzymes do that task.

When sally returned to the Earth she was probably much older because of bone loss, muscle wastage, radiation damage to her cells and eyes. The damage to her body is occurring faster under those conditions compared to on the Earth, where there are lower radiation levels and gravity to maintain bone density and muscle mass. It seems to me wrong to say that she is younger because other different chemical reactions are not progressing as fast.As you are aware for fair comparisons to be made all of the conditions must be the same except the one under investigation.

You will see in my essay that there is differentiation between objects that exist independently of observation , data in the environment produced from interaction with the object, and the images produced from processing of the data. The output image from data processing, of a clock's time is irrelevant to what the clock object is doing unobserved. It is not the output images that are controlling time but what is happening in Object reality, the actual changes to the material objects and media.

I think the twins paradox is a misuse of the theory. Assuming the distant observers subjective reality, formed from the data from former events.. processed into a present experience, actually exists out in space.

I'm afraid I can't agree with you even though I am sure you have given a lot of thought to your theory and it may well do all that you say. I have appreciated hearing your point of view. I too have given a lot of thought to the subject of time and, as I see it, it is only the output Image reality, emergent reality, that has a flexible time dimension not the independent Object reality, the realm of the actual atoms and particles.

Dear Georgina,

Time dilation is verified experimentally.

* Ives and Stilwell (1938, 1941). The stated purpose of these experiments was to verify the time dilation effect, predicted by Lamor-Lorentz ether theory, due to motion through the ether using Einstein's suggestion that Doppler effect in canal rays would provide a suitable experiment. These experiments measured the Doppler shift of the radiation emitted from cathode rays, when viewed from directly in front and from directly behind. The high and low frequencies detected were not the classical values predicted.

* Rossi and Hall (1941) compared the population of cosmic-ray-produced muons at the top of a mountain to that observed at sea level. Although the travel time for the muons from the top of the mountain to the base is several muon half-lives, the muon sample at the base was only moderately reduced. This is explained by the time dilation attributed to their high speed relative to the experimenters. That is to say, the muons were decaying about 10 times slower than if they were at rest with respect to the experimenters.

* Hasselkamp, Mondry, and Scharmann (1979) measured the Doppler shift from a source moving at right angles to the line of sight (the transverse Doppler shift).

* In 1959 Robert Pound and Glen A. Rebka measured the very slight gravitational red shift in the frequency of light emitted at a lower height, where Earth's gravitational field is relatively more intense. The results were within 10% of the predictions of general relativity. Later Pound and Snider (in 1964) derived an even closer result of 1%. This effect is as predicted by gravitational time dilation.

* In 2010 gravitational time dilation was measured at the Earth's surface with a height difference of only one meter, using optical atomic clocks.

Dear Georgina,

So, since time dilation is verified experimentally, and as I explained to you in my example relative to Sara and Sally. In my example, it is illustrated, as time is slowing down in Sally's frame compared to Sara's frame. Thus for Sally, time is speeding up in Sara's frame compared to Sally, and that is illustrated for Sally when she returned to earth and found Sara's old 24 years, not 22 as her old.

Quantum tunneling and entanglement experiments are performed in a very low temperatures. That causing the vacuum energy of the medium that the experiment done in to be negative compared to our lab vacuum energy. This is leading to the events to be occurred in a faster rate than the same events if done in the medium of our lab. In the quantum computers, they using the quantum entanglement in a very low temperature and because of that they perform the processes faster than our normal computers, and then we get the result in the quantum computers in a less time separation according to our time. according to that we think information are processed in a faster than light speed in vacuum. same as what happened in Opera experiment, and the problem was in the measuring of time as they discovered lately. In my theory in the case of faster than light there is no violation for Lorentz transformation or causality. and according to that I proof in my theory there is not particles named Tachyons. Tachyonic particle is a hypothetical particle that always moves faster than light, and was coined by Gerald Feinberg in a 1967 paper. Feinberg proposed that tachyonic particles could be quanta of a quantum field with negative squared mass. However, it was soon realized that excitations of such imaginary mass fields do not in fact propagate faster than light, but instead represent an instability known as tachyon condensation. Nevertheless, they are still commonly known as "tachyons", and have come to play an important role in modern physics.

Most physicists think that faster-than-light particles cannot exist because they are not consistent with the known laws of physics. If such particles did exist, they could be used to build a tachyonic antitelephone and send signals faster than light, which (according to special relativity) would lead to violations of causality.Potentially consistent theories that allow faster-than-light particles include those that break Lorentz invariance, the symmetry underlying special relativity, so that the speed of light is not a barrier.

Despite theoretical arguments against the existence of faster-than-light particles, experiments have been conducted to search for them. No compelling evidence for their existence had been found. So my theory illustrates what is meaning of faster than light without the proposed particles Tachyons. and the results of my theory agreed with the experimental results of the high energy physics and the elementary particles.

Dear Azzam,

Thanks again for setting out what you think. I am not denying that time dilation appears to happen and has been supported by experiments. It is also expected within the framework I am using, in the observer's fabricated reality.

David Eagleman on Choice

This is an interesting talk about time perception. He talks about the problem of comprehending what is happening within an empire when field reports from different parts of the empire take different lengths of time to arrive. Reports of the same event may appear to be separated in time.

I think it nicely illustrates how the reality that is occurring to the objects, the source of the data, can differ from the reality constructed by a distant observer from the data that is received. The observer's fabricated construct of reality is not controlling what happens to the objects, they are completely independent of it.

I've read, (in Donald Goldsmith "When time slows down"), that the astronauts who spent 84 days in Skylab aged about five thousandths of a second less than the people at home. I am sure the biological ageing due to living under those very unnatural conditions far exceeded any hypothetical life extension due to motion.

Paul,

if you review my paper, you will find; I measure the time by the clock motion, and if you record the motion of the clock by the video camera, and after that you review the negative of the tape, you will find the motion of the clock is considered as a collection of pictures of the negative, and each picture is considered as a part of the clock motion. If you display the pictures of the tape on the screen in a normal speed, you will see the clock is in motion normally. Now if you slowing down the displaying the pictures on the screen by slowing down the tape motion, you will see the motion of the clock is slowed down, and thus the time is slowing down. this is my interpretation to slowing of time or time dilation.

Dear Georgina,

I reviewed the video in the link David Eagleman on Choice. in my theory http://vixra.org/pdf/1206.0002v1.pdf if you put your hand on fire, you put it in a present that is carried by the information element that is transferred from the infinity state (state of infinity energy and zero mass) to your thought unit in your median state (state of mass and energy). Then you live this event (putting your hand on fire) in your material world. When you feel the pain of

burning, you feel it in a present that is carried by the information element

transferred from the infinity state to your thought unit in your median state.

Then you live this event (feeling of pain). The information element that expresses putting your hand in the fire is not related to the

information element that expresses your feeling the pain in your material world. They are separated by the space-time length or present. From that, we refute the causality of your feeling the pain because of putting your hand on fire in the material world. Also we refuse the deterministic principle in the material world, because if you put your hand on fire in the present, and

after that you received an information element making you feel cold, thus you will say "this fire is cold!".

Now if you are feeling the pain, and then you put on your hand an analgesic,

naturally, you have caused a loss of pain. But it was caused Comalogically not

by the analgesic. It is the information element that transfers from the infinity

state to your thought unit in your median state that expresses your feeling of

losing the pain.

In summary: the natural laws in the material world do not depend on the principles of determinism, causality, and continuity, but they are a result of the sequence of the information elements that take place, which are unrelated to each other in the material world.

That is in agreement with Quantum theory (Copenhagen School), where

Heisenberg defined the wave function as "it is a mixture of two things, the

first is the reality, and the second is our knowledge of this reality". We

express the reality as the existence of the information element

in the infinity state, and our knowledge of this reality is expressed

comalogically as transmitting the information element from infinity to our

thought unit in the median state.

Dear Georgina,

What is the Infinity State?

If you imagine yourself as a system located at the infinity state, your spacetime length would be equal to zero, and your zeroth length would be equal to infinity, and your mass would be zero. If located at the infinity state, all of your life would be considered as one present, - no past or future. If you are

eating an apple, then your eating the apple should continue to infinity. This

applies to all events which would be synonymous with eating the apple...

You can have an infinite number of events in the infinity state at the same

present without past or future. The whole of your events exist in the infinity

state in the present. Nevertheless, you are a system existing in the median

state, receiving the information elements of your life from the infinity state.

Each information element is carried by the space-time length (present), where

you live one information element at your present in the median state. But if

you were transformed from the median state to the infinity state, you would

find the whole of your life information elements exist in the infinity state at

the same present. You will find yourself as a child, youth, and aged at the

same time, and untill infinity.

Dear Azzam,

I think there is some overlap of our thinking in what you have written about experience of pain. I have separated the output experience from the foundational causal event, into different facets of reality. That is why they are drawn as different levels of reality in my diagram even though the human brain in which the fabrication occurs, in the case we are discussing, is within the Object reality along with all other material substance.

There has to be a reality interface that receives the data and converts it from the foundational reality into the experience or observation. As the transmission and processing does not take place immediately but over a number of arrangements of the Object universe, the events that are happening precede the experienced present and so are, using the conventional differentiation of past, present and future, in the future relative to the experienced present.

I do not use or require a concept of infinity state.It does not make sense to me or explain any problems and I strongly dislike the concept of eternal continuation of objects or events. Consider the pain you have used for example existing forever. I think the universe is merciful in that former events and arrangements are erased from the Object universe, by recycling sooner or later. Then they only persist in records, memory and potential sensory data within the environment.

I am sorry to disagree. It is good that you have given your interesting point of view here as others may find that it works well for them. Even though I disagree with some of the explanations I still think your essay is very thought provoking and it is relevant to the essay topic which is the most important judging criterion.

Azzam

I did review your paper, and commented on it, and, amongst other things, refrred you to (what is now) my post in my blog of 13/7 11.24, which provides an explanation of what SR is. Apart from the fact that my essay shows what time is not.

Paul

Azzam Almosallami

You have very excited theory unifying between quantum and relativity in concepts and principles and laws. I agreed with you more than Relativity theory of Einstein. I hope scientists take your theory into account seriously

Dear All,

This is new test by CERN attacks the existence of dark matter which is agreed with what I proposed in order to unify between quantum and relativity. In my solution to the Pioneer anomaly http://vixra.org/abs/1109.0058 which is depending on the modified GR and MSRT. I found there is no dark matter or dark energy, it is something like refractive index. Hubble's law can be interpreted by my MGRT and MSRT. I hope to discuss relative to this new test which is good proof to the consistency of my theory which is posted here in FQXi

This is the link of the the test made by CERN http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2012/07/new-cern-tests-attack-the-existence-of-dark-matter-.html

Marhaba=Hi Azzam

I read your paper and enjoyed the warm personal anecdote in the beginning. However I find that to comment intelligently on it I will have to think about SR in more detail, and think about it and your essay more analytically. In general I can say that you emphasize the role of the observer, which is in line with Einstein's SR, but you derive a different SR.

In my Beautiful Universe Theory which is the basis of my fqxi essay Fix Physics! I emphasize a new starting point of an absolute Universe with no time dimension. In other words I envisage a universal State evolving whether we observe it or not. When we do observe it (as opposed to analyze it as a model) the relativity of Lorentz comes into play. But I do not think superluminal speeds of light exist or can be measured, but I will have to study more about what you say about tunneling.

Wishing you the best in your researches,

Vladimir