Dear Jonathan,
Your very well composed, balanced and clear writing style only benefits your arguments. I found a few very powerful ideas in your essay, expressed in a memorable form. Allow me to quote them: "there are some structures that can be described as mathematical invariants, which arise as unchanging patterns within the core of Mathematics, or enduring features of the mathematical landscape, that are timeless and exist apart from any specific construction of that form." and "That Mathematics is a precursor to Physics is more difficult to prove, than the utility of Math as a descriptive tool for Physics". Even the question you are posing "Why should pure Mathematics shape Physics?" is deep and striking. Your essay does a very good job at reclaiming and shedding new light on the meaning of math. You are using well-chosen examples and you are illustrating your point with the words and thoughts of classics like Mandelbrot and 't Hooft. Congratulations on this great piece!
Warm regards,
Cristi