Dear Raiyan Reza,
what a beautiful written essay. I sadly must agree with you, that it seems, that the limits of our mathematical language are the limits of our understanding of the universe.
The mystery then of course is why mathematics is so incredibly effective in describing the universe.
Other questions arise on what mathematics actually is and what mathematical concepts actually acquire meaning. Mathematics finally is a tautological web of concepts with no connections to the physical world. (Is that true?) So why should math give any understanding of nature.
Sometime I contemplate the spaces between things. We do not have word for these. Why?
In my essay I imagine the universe as realization of different mathematical structures, that might change in time and in different environments and giving raise to changing laws. Let me know of what you think of these proposals, if you find the time.
Luca