Gee Steve,
each one of those questions would require for a dissertation.
In context with Bell Inequalities, I think it is best to constrain the theoretical discussions to more modest aims than some Grand Unified Field Theory. If such an all encompassing theory can be had, then it should support limited applications to specific instances such as Bell-ASpect and Stern-Gerlach results. The maths employed to analyze the probabilities must then stand on their own, wouldn't you think? I personally find a lambda approach satisfying because it is amenable to a condensed matter state and by extension a condensed energy state wherein two scalars, distance and speed, can be examined. In the Std Model frequency (nu, in the case of e=h(nu) then goes commonly to a vector value of velocity which makes the relativistic side more restrictive in terms of degrees of freedom. jrc